Speakout Advanced p 92. Times Change. Extra Speaking







 





1. Talk about how times are changing using the photos above.

2. Do you know any politicians who have changed sides?

3. What do you think about people who change their tune depending on who they are talking to?

4. Has the pace of social change accelerated in the twentieth century? What changes occurred more rapidly at the end of the century than they did at the beginning?

5. What dramatic changes has IT brought us?

6. What far-reaching changes have we recently witnessed in the world’s opinion towards the environment?

7. What would make you move within the same city or town? And to a different one or to a different country?

8. What changes in your personal habits should you undergo?

9. In your opinion, what is the reason why some people have difficulties in adjusting to being a parent? Is it harder on men or women?

10. On the third Sunday in October clocks have to be turned backwards. Do clock changes affect you adversely or positively? In what ways does changing clock hours affect you?

11. Tell your partner about a time when you had to modify your views about something? What made you modify them?

12. Do you work in shifts? If so, do you like working in shifts? If not, would you like to? What about the night shift?


Monologue


Student A

1. Compare the time we live in with fifty years ago. In what ways have the following changed? mass media, transports, housework, the roles of men and women, work, food, raising children, education, medicine, culture, politics, technology, travel, clothes and fashion, entertainment, welfare, leisure, religion, housing conditions.

2. What are the top 10 inventions that have changed our lives for the better? Can you think of any that have changed our lives for the worse?

3. Do all inventions have both advantages and disadvantages? What does this fact depend on? How has electricity changed the way we live? The greatest invention ever is said to be the wheel. What impact did the wheel have on the way people lived? Controlling fire for the purposes of providing heat and light was one of mankind’s first great achievements. What were the consequences of such control?


Student B

1. Talk about: something you try to vary in your life, a time when you had to modify your behaviour or language; the problems someone might encounter when converting to a different religion.

2. Tell us about how easily you adapt to change; how easily people in general adapt to change; something which has changed significantly in the town you live in in recent years; any changes you would like to make to your lifestyle.

3. What would make you change to a new type of work?





Vocabulary
 
Pictures 

rocking chair: a chair with two curved pieces of wood under it that make it move backwards and forwards.

Barefoot: not wearing anything on your feet: e.g. poor children going barefoot in the street.

We can see a middle-aged man with receding hair / a receding hairline.



double-decker: a bus with two floors, one on top of the other

billboard: a large board on the outside of a building or at the side of the road, used for putting advertisements on.

A man is climbing up a ladder

a bus conductor: a person whose job is to collect money from passengers on a bus or check their tickets.



ironing board: /aɪənɪŋ/ a long narrow board covered with cloth, and usually with folding legs, that you iron clothes on

iron: /aɪən/ a tool with a flat metal base that can be heated and used to make clothes smooth.

do the ironing.

Salt cellar: a small container for salt, usually with one hole in the top, which is used at the table. (Sp. Salero)

Sugar bowl: container for sugar

She is wearing a dressing gown (Sp. bata).

Bucket: an open container with a handle, used for carrying or holding liquids, sand, etc.

A rolling pin is a cylindrical food preparation utensil /juˈtensəl/ used to shape and flatten dough /dəʊ/

A tea towel is a small towel used for drying cups, plates, knives, etc. after they have been washed

Boiler: a container in which water is heated to provide hot water and heating in a building

Pot: a deep round container used for cooking things in.

Dishcloth: a cloth for washing dishes (Sp. bayeta).

Mop: a tool for washing floors that has a long handle

Meat mincer: /ˈmɪnsə/ a machine for cutting food, especially meat, into very small pieces.

Coffee grinder: /ˈɡraɪndə/ a machine or tool for grinding a solid substance into a powder.(Grind ground ground: Sp. moler)

cutlery: knives, forks and spoons, used for eating and serving food.

crockery: plates, cups, dishes, etc

appliance: a machine that is designed to do a particular thing in the home, such as preparing food, heating or cleaning: e.g. electrical / household appliances. They sell a wide range of domestic appliances—washing machines, dishwashers and so on.

Housework: the work involved in taking care of a home and family, for example cleaning and cooking: e.g. to do the housework.

Chore: a task that you do regularly: e.g. doing the household / domestic chore.

I do the washing (= wash the clothes) in our house.

Do the washing-up: the act of washing plates, glasses, pans, etc. after a meal: e.g. If you cook, I’ll do the washing-up

There is a globe on a stand so that it can be turned
The books are piled up

I can see gently falling snowflakes that are drifting slowly toward the parasol.
A man wearing swimming trunks is shivering on a sunbed.
The woman is wearing a bobble hat, a scarf and gloves
There is a fence in the background.

Dustcart (Br E) garbage truck (Am E): a vehicle for collecting rubbish / garbage from outside houses, etc
Can: a metal container for food and drink.
Dustman: (also informal: binman; formal: refuse collector; NAmE: garbage man): a person whose job is to remove waste from outside houses, etc

In the old days the radio was called the wireless. You can say for example: I heard it on the wireless.
The whole family gathered round the Radio
In the past people used to listen to the radio. Nowadays we usually watch TV.
They had to tune the radio dial whereas we switch TV channels.
 
Questions:
3.
Change your tune: (informal) to express a different opinion or behave in a different way when your situation changes. E.g. Wait until it happens to him—he'll soon change his tune.

4. A change in government of course meant economic and social changes.
5. New technologies brought about a sweeping change in the second half of the twentieth century. It was a time of radical change caused by the many changes happening in technology with new advancements, discoveries, and inventions.
6.
Far-reaching: likely to have a lot of influence or many effects. Sp. De gran alcance. Trascendental. E.g. far-reaching consequences/ implications. Far-reaching changes/reforms.
People’s attitudes towards global warming have changed substantially
7. Travelling and living in different countries has been one of the highlights of my life so far, at times an overwhelming experience and a great eye-opener.
8. To bring about a successful life change you need to take action. To quit smoking, lose weight, or make other important lifestyle changes, you'll need to stop bad habits by finding good alternatives. It can be extremely difficult because the bad habits have been reinforced over lengthy periods, often many years.
9. New parents can suddenly feel overwhelmed by how their life has changed. As much as they thought about how their life was going to change, no one can really prepare them for it. I think new dads tend to get back into their routines much faster than new mums.
10. I find it difficult to adjust to clock change in the winter. I would prefer to do sports and other outdoor leisure activities during daylight hours.
11. In many cases, we need to first change our behaviour before we can change our beliefs. I have to start with acting differently and it's the process of engaging in new behaviours that helps me start to develop new attitudes.
12. Working in shifts has a number of advantages as well as disadvantages. Advantages, in my opinion, far outnumber the disadvantages….
However, people who work in shifts tend to neglect socializing due to the constant schedule changes.
 
Monologue:

A

1. Our generation has witnessed a significant change.
One of the most significant changes in the last 50 years or so has been globalization. It is transforming our world.
2. Since the invention of the internet our lifestyles have changed significantly
The invention of the atomic bomb brought about a dramatic change and not precisely for the better.
Mobile phones have completely transformed our social habits.

3. Electricity brought far-reaching prosperity. However, the old paradigm can't be sustained.
The invention of the wheel really transformed the world. It immediately led to a sweeping change (having an important effect on a large part of sth)
When people learned to control fire, certain routines changed drastically. For instance they varied their diets.

B

1. I would like to vary my daily routine in order to have a less boring life.
I gave up just about everything to pursue my career.
I was quite happy about the whole thing until I had the worry about whether or not I had rushed into it too soon.
2. I wish I had put a bit more effort into adapting to that significant change.
We are faced with the need to adjust to change. Younger generations in particular adjust effortlessly. They are used to life at a high-speed. Some people adapt easily in a shorter period of time. Sometimes older generations struggle to cope with change.

3. I ended up being on the dole and with all that time on my hands I did a teaching degree. It was tough. Now I am about to get my first teaching position and that’s an achievement that gives me immense satisfaction
I had always wanted to become an actor, ever since I graduated from high school. My degree always got in the way of my plans, though. But as soon as I finished, there didn’t seem to be any reason to put it off, even though I was coming up to my thirtieth birthday. Once I got my family’s backing, there was no stopping me, really. I just threw myself into my lifelong ambition. I had to really.
I can’t tell you how much I appreciated the fact that I was given the chance to fulfil my ambition. For that I will always be thankful.

Inevitably though, it got to the point where the routine just got too much. I wasn’t developing professionally and nothing about the job pushed me to better myself. So when I was offered a new job, I jumped at the chance. It was a challenge of course but I refused to be daunted.
At first I found it all very thrilling
It was such a drastic and far-reaching change that it altered radically my lifestyle.


Speakout Advanced p 92. Changes. Extra Vocabulary 3

Complete each of the gaps with one of the words from the list.



Fortunes, heart, scene, pace, condition, attitudes, direction, law





1. You should go away somewhere for the weekend. A change of _______________ will do you good.

2.At first my parents refused to let me go off travelling on my own, but then they had a change of _______________.

3.After a very slow start, the car chase gives the film a much needed change of _______________.

4.In a complete change of _______________ he gave up his job in teaching and became a farmer.

5. The win marked a change in the _______________ of the team, which had lost its previous six games.

6.Despite the operation on his eye, there has been no significant change in the patient’s _______________ .

7. Anti-smoking campaigners yesterday called for a change in the __________ to make it illegal for people to smoke in bars and cafés.

8. The legalisation of divorce reflected a change in __________ towards marriage.


KEY:


1. scene



2. heart



3. pace



4. direction



5. fortunes



6. condition



7. law



8. attitudes

Speakout Advanced p 92. Changes. Extra vocabulary2

Choose the answer which best fits each space.



1. He’s _______________ changed at all since I last saw him – just as lively and outgoing as he always was.

a. slightly b. hardly c. subtly d. nearly



2. The seat is _______________ adjusted by pulling on this lever here.

a. highly b. fully c. openly d. easily



3. Prices vary _______________, so do shop around before you buy your barbecue.

a. widely b. instantly c. closely d. completely



4. In response to growing criticism, the government modified its plans for education cuts, though only very _______________.

a. barely b. slightly c. faintly d. fundamentally



5. To her credit, she _______________ transformed the business from a string of small shops into a major international chain of department stores.

a. radically b. revoltingly

c. enormously d. increasingly


KEY:


1. hardly



2. easily



3. widely



4. slightly



5. radically

Speakout Advanced p 92. Changes. Extra vocabulary

CHANGES



Complete each of the gaps with a word from the list below. The verb you must choose must be appropriate for the gap in both sentences.



Adapted, altered, shifted, changed, transferred



1.

1.I’ve _______________ my mind. I’ll have soup instead of the prawn cocktail.
2.He _______________ places with Jean so that he could sit nearer the blackboard.


2.

1.Football star David Beckham was _______________ from Manchester United to Real Madrid for a fee of 25 million pounds.
2.I’ve just _______________ 3,000 pounds from my current account to my savings account.


3.

1.When asked why he hadn’t done his homework, James _______________ uncomfortably in his seat.
2.The publishing company has _______________ its attention away from children’s literature towards school text books.


4.

1.The snow leopard has ­­­_______________ to life at altitudes of up to 6,000 metres.
2.Several of her books have been ______________ for television.


5.

1.The jacket was a perfect fit, but I had the trousers ­_______________ because they were a little too tight.
2.The new tower block has dramatically _______________the appearance of the town.

KEY
1. changed



2. transferred



3. shifted

Shift:1. to move, or move something, from one position or place to another. E.g. The action of the novel shifts from Paris to London. 2. to change from one state, position, etc. to another. E.g. Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years. The balance of power shifted away from workers towards employers. Her sympathies gradually shifted to the side of the protesters.


4. adapted



5. altered 
Alter: /ˈɔːltə(r)/ to become different; to make somebody/something different. E.g. Prices did not alter significantly during 2007. He had altered so much I scarcely recognized him. It doesn't alter the way I feel.  Nothing can alter the fact that we are to blame. The landscape has been radically altered, severely damaging wildlife. This incident altered the whole course of events.


Speakout Advanced p 92. The River. Extra Listening

On the topic of changes in your life, you can listen to this song.

The River is a song written and recorded by Bruce Springsteen, it is a classic outline (description) of someone who has to re-adjust his dreams quickly. He has to face life as it is, which is not precisely a world of his imagination. Throughout the song the river is viewed as a symbol for the dreams of the future. The narrator keeps his hopes alive even as they realistically begin to fail.

That sends me down to the river,
Though I know, the river is dry.
It sends me down to the river, tonight




THE RIVER

BRUCE SPRINGSTEEN


I come from down in the ___________
Where mister, when you’re young
They _________________ to do like your daddy done
Me and Mary we met in high school
When she was just seventeen
We ______________ out of the valley down to where the fields were green
We ______________down to the river
And into the river we ________________
Oh oh down to the river we _________________

Then I got Mary __________
And, man, that was all she wrote
And for my 19th birthday I got a ___________ card and a wedding coat
We went down to the courthouse
When the judge put it all to rest
No wedding day smiles, no walk down the __________
No flowers, no wedding dress
That night we went down to the river
And into the river we _____________
Oh, oh down to the river we _____________

I got a job working ___________ for the Johnstown Company
But lately there ain’t been no work on ___________ of the economy
Now all them things that seemed so important
Well, mister they just __________ right into the air
I just act like I don’t remember
Mary acts like she don’t care
But I remember riding in my brother’s car
Her body __________ and wet down at the reservoir
At night on them banks I ________________
And pull her close just to feel each breath she ______________
Now those memories come back to haunt me
They haunt me like a __________
Is a dream a lie if it don’t come true
Or is it something worse
That sends me
Down to the river
Though I know the river is ___________
sends me down to the river tonight
Down to the river
My baby and I
Oh down to the river we ride


KEY

THE RIVER

BRUCE SPRINGSTEEN

I come from down in the valley

Where mister, when you’re young

They bring you up to do like your daddy done

Me and Mary we met in high school

When she was just seventeen

We’d drive out of the valley down to where the fields were green

We’d go down to the river

And into the river we’d dive

Oh, oh down to the river we’d ride



Then I got Mary pregnant

And, man, that was all she wrote

And for my 19th birthday I got a union card and a wedding coat

We went down to the courthouse

when the judge put it all to rest

No wedding day smiles, no walk down the aisle

No flowers, no wedding dress

That night we went down to the river

And into the river we’d dive

Oh down to the river we’d ride



I got a job working construction for the Johnstown Company

But lately there ain’t been no work on account of the economy

Now all them things that seemed so important

Well, mister they just vanish right into the air

I just act like I don’t remember

Mary acts like she don’t care

But I remember riding in my brother’s car

Her body tan and wet down at the reservoir

At night on them banks I’d lie awake

And pull her close just to feel each breath she’d take

Now those memories come back to haunt me

They haunt me like a curse

Is a dream a lie if it don’t come true

Or is it something worse

That sends me

Down to the river

Though I know the river is dry

sends me down to the river tonight

Down to the river

My baby and I

Oh down to the river we ride