Open World p 180. Multiple Choice Cloze

 Do the Multiple Choice Cloze

conjure something up      ​to make something appear as a picture in your mind. Synonym evoke.

E.g.

That smell always conjures up memories of holidays in France.         

He strained to conjure up her face and voice, but they had vanished.

Dieting always seems to conjure up images of endless salads.

The movie conjures up the excitement of being a teenager in 1960s London.  Sp. La película evoca la emoción de ser adolescente en el Londres de 1960.

lodge: 

1. to provide someone with a place to stay for a short time. Accommodate.

E.g.

a building used to lodge prisoners of war

lodge somebody in/at something  

The refugees were lodged in old army barracks.

2. to pay to live in a room in somebody’s house.

E.g.

lodge at/with etc  

John lodged with a family in Bristol when he first started work. 

The backpackers lodged at the hostel for the night.      Los mochileros se alojaron en el albergue por la noche.

a far cry from something      ​a very different experience from something. synonym remote         

E.g. All this luxury was a far cry from the poverty of his childhood.

course of action: /ˌkɔːs əv ˈækʃn/ a way of acting in or dealing with a particular situation. A way of proceeding.

E.g. 

They have not yet decided on a particular course of action.

The course of action chosen by her doctor was successful.  Sp. El procedimiento adoptado por el doctor dio buenos resultados.

look back: to think about something in the past. synonym reflect      

E.g.

to look back on your childhood     

They look back at the 1970s as the good old days.

When I look back on those days I realize I was desperately unhappy.

residential care a system in which people who are old or ill live together in a special house and are looked after by professionals.

E.g. a residential care facility.

prohibitively adverb   /prəˈhɪbətɪvli/   ​at such a high price that people are prevented from buying something or doing something. synonym exorbitantly  /ɪɡˈzɔːbɪtəntli/

E.g.

Car insurance can be prohibitively expensive for young drivers

turn out: (used with an adverb or adjective, or in questions with how) to happen in a particular way; to develop or end in a particular way.

E.g.

 Despite our worries everything turned out well.     

You never know how your children will turn out.     

+ adj. If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans.

The forecast is good, but it is too soon to say how it will turn out.  Sp. El pronóstico es bueno, pero aún es muy temprano para saber cómo terminará todo.

Speakout Advanced p 73. A Report. Writing

An international research group is carrying out an investigation into the housing situation for young people around the world. You have been asked by the group to write a report about your country, including the following points:

• the different housing options available in your country for young people in their early twenties.
• the problems faced by young people with each option
• possible future changes in the housing situation for young people in your country 

Write your report

How to write a report

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REPORTS

A report should be practical and business-like. It should present the necessary information as clearly as possible so that the reader can follow it easily, and it should express an overall opinion at the end. You can simply begin with a heading or you can write the report in the form of a memo to a particular person or group if you wish.

STRUCTURE

·         Give your report a clear, factual heading.

·         Divide the report into paragraphs or sections to deal with separate aspects of a subject and use numbers, letters or subheadings to make this clear.

·         Start by saying what the report is about and/or how you gathered the information.

·         End with a conclusion which gives a summary of the situation (and a recommendation if necessary).

The Student Services Manager at your school or college has asked you to write a report on the library facilities and to suggest any improvements that could be made.

HEADING:

            Report on College Library Facilities

INTRODUCTION:

Saying how you have gathered the information.

·         The aim/purpose of this report is to…

·         This report looks at…

·         In order to prepare this report, I visited/interviewed/studied…

In order to prepare this report, I visited the college library on several occasions and interviewed the librarians and a number of students.

SUBHEADINGS:

Write subheadings or number each point.

            General

            Books

            Newspapers and magazines

REPORTING IMPRESSIONS AND FINDINGS:

·         It seems/appears that …

·         Most people/The majority of people seem to/tend to…

·         It is interesting/surprisingly/strange that…

·         Interestingly, Surprisingly, Strangely, …

QUOTING

·         According to X, Y said/felt/mentioned that … + reported speech

GENERALISING

·         In general, On the whole,

General

The library has a welcoming atmosphere and most people said that it was easy to find your way around. It is well decorated and well-lit and the only problem is that there are not quite enough tables and chairs for everyone at busy times.

Books

There is a very good selection of books for all subjects but according to the librarians there is sometimes a waiting list when a particular book has been recommended by a teacher. The catalogue system is rather complicated and surprisingly it does not appear to have been updated recently.

Newspapers and magazines

The range of newspapers and magazines is excellent and they seem to be well used.

MAKING A RECOMMENDATION

·         In my opinion/view,

·         I would recommend (+ -ing)

SUMMING UP

·         In conclusion, To sum up, On balance

Conclusion

The library facilities are very good, on the whole, but I would recommend providing additional copies of popular books, supplying a small number of extra chairs, and improving and updating the catalogue system.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Report on College Library Facilities In order to prepare this report, I visited the college library on several occasions and interviewed the librarians and a number of students. General The library has a welcoming atmosphere and most people said that it was easy to find your way around. It is well decorated and well-lit and the only problem is that there are not quite enough tables and chairs for everyone at busy times. Books There is a very good selection of books for all subjects but according to the librarians there is sometimes a waiting list when a particular book has been recommended by a teacher. The catalogue system is rather complicated and surprisingly it does not appear to have been updated recently. Newspapers and magazines The range of newspapers and magazines is excellent and they seem to be well used. Conclusion The library facilities are very good, on the whole, but I would recommend providing additional copies of popular books, supplying a small number of extra chairs, and improving and updating the catalogue system.

You will get  more ideas on how to write reports on page 73. You can also find useful language for writing a report here and here.


Sample answer:

Ready for cae ss p 34. reports

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HOW TO WRITE A REPORT

WHAT IS REPORT?

A report is a factual description of an event or situation. It may be written for a superior (e.g. a teacher, a manager), a peer group (e. g. colleagues) or a general audience (e. g. a committee). A report should be practical and business-like. The writer of the report should present the necessary information as clearly as possible so that the reader can follow it easily, and it should express an overall opinion and / or make suggestions or recommendations at the end.

STRUCTURE

A report should be clearly organised. Headings may be included. When you write a report, clarity is essential. You should organise your report into paragraphs, and use each paragraph to deal with different information. You should clearly explain the objective of the report at the beginning, and draw conclusions and / or make suggestions or recommendations at the end of the report.

Title: this needs to be clear and simple to help the reader know what you will be discussing in the report.

Introductory paragraph: it should state the purpose of the report and where the information was gathered. You may invent where you got the information.

Different paragraphs or sections to deal with separate aspects of a subject. Use a clear layout with a division into paragraphs according to the input. You may include:

• Headings: they will make it clear that your report is not an essay or review.

• Lists of numbered points or bullets where appropriate. (DON'T overdo it, though. If you use them in more than one section, you won't be able to show the full range of structures and vocabulary you know.)

Conclusive paragraph: to give a clear summary of the situation (and a recommendation if necessary). Only give the recommendations in this last paragraph.

STYLE

You should use formal, objective, factual, impersonal language. Remember to avoid contractions.

USEFUL PHRASES FOR EACH OF THE PARAGRAPHS

Introduction

Stating the purpose of the report (paragraph 1)

The main aim / objective / purpose of this report is to compare / examine / evaluate / describe / outline (some suggestions) / analyse (some suggestions) / expose / present / give information on /consider / suggest...

This report is intended to inform sb of sth

This report looks at... / deals with...

This report contains my comments on...

Describing how you got the information (paragraph 1)

To prepare for this report, I conducted interviews with... / I visited three of the most popular... / I discussed the issue with...

In order to prepare this report, I visited / interviewed / studied...

Reporting your results (paragraphs 2, 3,...)

The first observation to make is...

The first observation concerns...

Several people said / told me / suggested / thought that...

Most people / The majority of people seem to / tend to...

It appears / seems that...

It is interesting / surprisingly / strange that...

Interestingly / Surprisingly / Strangely / Not surprisingly...,

According to most / the majority of respondents... ,

It appears that the majority of ...

Many of those interviewed stated that....

Others pointed out that...

All those who were interviewed believe that / are concerned that...

It is thought that...

It was commented upon by a number of people we talked to that...

The main problem was that...

A cause of dissatisfaction was...

The only problem is that ...

It should be considered /It is worth considering that...

Presenting a list

The arguments against... are the following:

First,...

Secondly,...

The following were the main reasons given for supporting..: firstly,..., secondly,...

Points mentioned in favour of / against... were: ...

There are several ways in which... might be...: ...

They gave / suggested the following reasons: ...

They made the following points: ...

Comparing and contrasting

One of the main differences between X and Y is that...

X is totally / entirely / completely different from Y, in that...

Unlike X, Y is...

While / Whereas X is..., Y is...

Although X is..., Y is...

X is slightly / rather / somewhat / a great deal (cheaper / more expensive) than Y.

Despite the fact that X is..., it is nevertheless the most...

Making recommendations (last paragraph)

All things considered...

My overall recommendation / opinion / feeling is that...

I have no hesitation recommending...

On the whole I believe we can...

It would seem that... is the best idea.

Taking all the factors mentioned into account...

I would therefore recommend (+ -ing)...

I would strongly recommend that... should + bare infinitive

Clearly, more could be done to... Therefore, I would make the following recommendations:...

We have no hesitation in recommending...

I would strongly / highly recommend ...

My first / second recommendation would be to...

It would be (highly) advisable to ...

If my recommendations are followed, then ...

The best solution / ideas would seem to be ...

In the light of the results of the survey I would advise against...

I feel it would be to our advantage if...

The best solution is / would be to...

This will have an impact on + noun

Suggesting additional ideas

Another option would be to ...

I would also suggest ...

Another point to consider is hat ...

Alternatively...,/ Moreover,... / Furthermore,...

Apart from this / In addition to this...

Concluding

As long as / provided that these recommendations are taken into consideration...

In conclusion...

The research shows / demonstrates...

From the research / the evidence we conclude that...

SAMPLE 1

The University Union to which you belong intends to make suggestions to the University Council to improve the main library on campus. You are asked to write a report to assess its current situation.

Report on College Library Facilities

The aim of this report is to evaluate the present-day conditions of the library facilities on campus.

In order to prepare this report, I visited the main college library on several occasions and interviewed the librarians and a number of students.

General

The main university library has a welcoming atmosphere and most people said that it was easy to find your way around. It is well decorated and well-lit and the only problem is that there are not quite enough tables and chairs for everyone at busy times.

Books

There is a very good selection of books for all subjects but according to the librarians there is sometimes a waiting list when a particular book has been recommended by a teacher. The catalogue system is rather complicated and surprisingly it does not appear to have been updated recently.

Newspapers and magazines

The range of newspapers and magazines is excellent and they seem to be well used.

Conclusion

The library facilities are very good, on the whole, but I would recommend providing additional copies of popular books, supplying a small number of extra chairs, and improving and updating the catalogue system.

SAMPLE 2

Your college has been asked to accept a group of 50 students from another country for two weeks. Your principal has asked you to write a report. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of accepting this group? What would you recommend?

Report on proposed visit by 50 overseas students

Introduction

The purpose of this report is to consider the advantages and disadvantages of accepting a large group of students from overseas for two weeks. I have discussed the issue with all the senior members of college staff.

Advantages

All those I interviewed believe that for students, this would be an exciting opportunity to explore a foreign culture, both in the classroom and socially. Moreover, most of them thought the visit would be stimulating for the college at this quiet time of the year.

Disadvantages

Some members of staff are concerned that:

1. there would be insufficient seating in the library at busy times.

2. the visitors might be more interested in enjoying themselves than studying.

3. the restaurant queue would be very slow at lunchtime.

Conclusion and recommendation

Clearly, the visit might involve some practical difficulties, but on the whole, everyone thought that it should be seen as an opportunity not to be missed. I would therefore suggest that the college accepts the group.

SAMPLE 3

You work for the Student Travel Agency of your college. The principal of the college is interested in the experiences of students who have worked abroad during their summer holidays. She has asked you to write a report on the advantages and disadvantages of such work. In particular, she wants to know whether the college should recommend "working holidays" to its students.

Working holidays for students

The purpose of this report is to consider the advantages and disadvantages of working holidays abroad. In order to obtain this information, I interviewed more than 30 students who had worked in different countries.

The benefits of working holidays

A large number of the students I spoke to said that they had enjoyed working abroad and had become more open-minded as a result. Apparently, they felt they had learnt a lot about the local people and their way of life by working side by side with them.

The disadvantages of working holidays

Not surprisingly, many students complained that they had worked too hard in certain countries. They believed that they had been exploited by their employers, who paid them very little money. According to some students, there had also been problems with documents such as work permits.

Conclusions and Recommendations

It appears that the majority of students found the experience of working abroad very beneficial. Therefore, I believe that the college should recommend "working holidays" to its students. However, it should also warn them about the problems they could face and the precautions they need to take. 

Speakout Advanced p 37. Keys and Vocabulary

Ex 9
KEY
The hotel is famous because many celebrities have lived in it, such as Madonna, Arthur C. Clarke and Jack Kerouac.

Ex 10 B
KEY
Prefix                                                         
de ir im non un

Meaning
negatives/opposites/reverse      

Example words
 Degenerate, Irreplaceable, Immortalised, Non-conformity, unfortunately.


Prefix
under over


Meaning
size or degree


Example words
Understatement, overexposed




Prefix
mal mis

Meaning
wrong or bad

Example words
maladministration
misbehaviour


Prefix
pre post


Meaning
time (before or after)


Example words
Pre-dates
Post-war



Prefix
pro anti

Meaning
attitude/opinion
(for or against)


Example words 
proactive
anti-establishment


Ex 10C
KEY
We use:
un-, im-, ir-, de- with adjectives and adverbs
non-: nouns, adjectives
under- and over-: nouns, adjectives, verbs
mal- and mis-: verbs, abstract nouns, adjectives
pre- and post-: adjectives
pro- and anti-: nouns and adjectives



Ex 11
KEY
1 False. When we add a prefix to the root word, the spelling of the root word doesn’t usually change.






2 False. We can add more than one prefix at a time to root words e.g. uninhabitable.



3 True.



4 False. There are no rules that tell us which prefixes we can add to each root word.


Ex 12A
KEY

1 unknown, underexposed
underexposed ( often passive ) to fail to subject to appropriate or expected publicity.


2 non-descript, underrated 
non-descript: /ˈnɒndɪskrɪpt/ having no interesting or unusual features or qualities. E.g. a nondescript person/building/town.

underrated
underrate somebody/something to not recognize how good, important, etc. somebody/something really is. E.g. He's seriously underrated as a writer. An underrated movie. Don't underrate yourself. 
 
3 unattractive, overrated 
overrate somebody/something to have too high an opinion of somebody/something; to put too high a value on somebody/something. E.g. In my opinion, Hirst's work has been vastly overrated.


4 uninhabitable, mismanaged 
 mismanage something to deal with or manage something badly. E.g. The department's budget was badly mismanaged.

5 irreplaceable, impossible

p 150
Ex 2A
1 supermodel, miniskirts 


2 sub-zero, cooperate
 


3 bilingual, interacting 



4 semi-retired, outlasted
outlast somebody/something to continue to exist or take part in an activity for a longer time than somebody/something. E.g. He can outlast anyone on the dance floor. The kind of beauty that will outlast youth. This system has outlasted many of its rivals.


Ex B
bi: two



co: joint



inter: between/ among



mini: small





out: bigger/greater than something else

outsell somebody/something to sell more or to be sold in larger quantities than somebody/ something. E.g. We are now outselling all our competitors. This year the newspaper has outsold its main rival.

outplay: outplay somebody to play much better than somebody you are competing against. E.g. We were totally outplayed and lost 106–74. 


 
semi: /ˈsemi/  half
semi-skimmed: milk that has had a lot of the fat removed



sub: below


super: more/more powerful/larger

Ex C

2 superhero 



3 outgrow 
outgrow something to grow too big to be able to wear or fit into something. E.g. She's already outgrown her school uniform. The company has outgrown its offices.


4 sub-plot 
 subplot: a series of events in a play, novel, etc. that is separate from but linked to the main story


5 international






6 semicircle 



7 co-founders 



8 minibar

Speakout Advanced p 36. Listening

1. I work in a 1.1___________ centre which is a huge 1.2_______________ where there are tables everywhere with people at little sort of 1.3______________ areas where they make phone calls.

2. It’s 2.1_____________ because it’s a huge 2.2____________ space but everything feels quite 2.3____________because you’re all 2.4________________ next to each other.
3. It’s very noisy, you just hear 3.1____________ all the time. You’d love to be able to get away, and have a little bit of 3.2______________ and quiet and somewhere nice to 3.3_____________ but this isn’t it!
4. Everybody’s talking and it depends on what we’re trying to sell and if it is a 4.1______________. If it’s something we’re trying to sell as many 4.2_________ of as possible then it gets quite 4.3___________ there but the one benefit of it is it’s 4.4___________walking distance of home so at least I can get home quickly.
5. I’m very lucky because I work at home on a very big dining table in the 5.1_______________ so it’s very 5.2__________, very 5.3____________, 5.4_________.
6. There is one 6.1_______________ and that is it’s very cold, very 6.2___________ in the winter.
7. It’s lovely being at home, it’s a 7.1_________________ away from all the shops, it’s near my neighbours therefore when I have a coffee break I can meet a neighbour, have a cup of coffee, 7.2__________________ all the local 7.3_______________.
8. It’s a very lovely place to work, a little 8.1______________ of tranquillity because it looks out on to my garden with all the birds …

KEY
1.1. call
call centre: an office in which a large number of people work using telephones, for example arranging insurance for people, or taking customers' orders and answering questions.



1.2. open plan
open plan: an open-plan building or area does not have inside walls dividing it up into rooms. E.g. an open-plan office.



1.3. boxed

boxed: put in a box. E.g. a boxed set of original recordings. The books are sold as a boxed set

2.1. weird
weird: /wɪəd/ very strange or unusual and difficult to explain. E.g. a weird dream. She's a really weird girl. He's got some weird ideas. It's really weird seeing yourself on television. The weird and wonderful creatures that live beneath the sea.



2.2. airy
airy: /ˈeəri/ with plenty of fresh air because it is large or has a lot of windows. E.g. the office was light and airy.  
 


2.3. poky
poky /ˈpəʊki/ too small and not very pleasant or comfortable. Cramped, restricted. E.g. a poky little room.
 


2.4. crammed up
cram: to push or force somebody/something into a small space; to move into a small space with the  result that it is full. E.g. He crammed eight people into his car. I could never cram in all that she does in a day. I bought a large basket and crammed it full of presents.



3.1. chat
chat: talking, especially informal conversation. E.g. That's enough chat from me—on with the music! 



3.2. peace



3.3 hang out 
hang out: to spend a lot of time in a place.E.g. The local kids hang out at the mall.







4.1. hard sell
Hard sell: a method of selling that puts a lot of pressure on the customer to buy. E.g. Their salesmen are trained to go for the hard sell.





4.2 units



4.3 chaotic /keɪˈɒtɪk/



4.4. within 



5.1. conservatory
conservatory /kənˈsɜːvətri/ a room with glass walls and a glass roof that is built on the side of a house. Conservatories are used for sitting in to enjoy the sun, and to protect plants from cold weather.



5.2. light



5.3. airy



5.4. roomy
roomy large with a lot of space inside it.



6.1 drawback /ˈdrɔːbæk/
drawback: disadvantage or problem that makes something a less attractive idea. E.g. The main drawback to it is the cost. This is the one major drawback of the new system.  



6.2 chilly 
chilly: too cold to be comfortable. E.g. It's chilly today. I was feeling chilly.
 


7.1 stone’s throw
a stone's throw: a very short distance away. E.g. We live just a stone's throw from here. The hotel is within a stone's throw of the beach.



7.2 catch up on
catch up on: to find out about things that have happened. E.g. We spent the evening catching up on each other's news.



7.3 chit-chat
chit-chat: conversation about things that are not important. E.g. We spent the afternoon in idle chit-chat.



8.1 haven
haven: /ˈheɪvn/ a place that is safe and peaceful where people or animals are protected. E.g. The hotel is a haven of peace and tranquility. The river banks are a haven for wildlife. The camp offers a haven to refugees.
 

Transcript:
M: I work in a call centre which is a..
w: Mmm hmm
M: … huge open plan, um well, there’s tables everywhere people
at little sort of boxed areas where they have to just make call
after call.
w: Oh right …
M: Um, it’s weird because it’s a huge airy space, the actual the big
room but everything feels quite poky because it’s, you’re all
crammed up next to each other.
w: Oh dear.
M: All making your separate calls and it’s very noisy, you just hear
chat all the …
w: mmm
M: … time..you’d love to be able to get away, and have a little bit
of quiet, a bit of peace and quiet and somewhere nice to hang
out but this isn’t it!
w: No …
M: Um basically everybody’s talking and depending on, it varies,
depending on what what we’re trying to sell and if it is a hard
sell …
w: Right.
M: If it’s something we’re trying to sell as many units of as possible
then it gets quite chaotic there but yeah, the one benefit of it is
it’s within walking distance of home so at least I can get home
quickly..
w: Yes.
Conversation 2
w: I’m very lucky because I work at home on a very very big dining
table in the conservatory so it’s very light, very airy, roomy.
M: Right …
w: There is one drawback and that is it’s very cold, very chilly in
the winter.
M: Oh.
w: I have a fire on but because there’s so much glass it’s very cold.
M: mmm
w: But it’s lovely being at home, it’s a stone’s throw away from all
the shops … it’s near my neighbours … when I have a coffee
break I can meet a neighbour, have a cup of coffee, catch up on
all the local chit-chat.
M: Aha
w: … and then go back to work and at lunchtime, I’m right next
to my kitchen, my fridge, make myself a lovely meal, go back
to work – no time spent travelling.
M: Mmm … sounds good.
w: … which is wonderful, and it’s a very lovely place to work,
a little haven of tranquillity … because it looks out on to my
garden with all the birds …

Speakout Advanced p 36. Keys and Vocabulary

Ex 4A
KEY
1 a huge open plan call centre
good: within walking distance of home
bad: feels poky because everyone is crammed together even though it’s a big area, very noisy because everyone is talking at once, gets quite chaotic

2 a conservatory at home
good: lots of light and space, nice to be at home and near amenities, she can meet her neighbours in her breaks, near the kitchen for mealtimes, she has a view of the garden
bad: gets cold in winter

Ex 4B
KEY
Speaker 1: open plan, all crammed up, somewhere nice to hang out, it gets quite chaotic

Speaker 2: one drawback, a stone’s throw away, a little haven of tranquillity

Vocabulary
open plan: an open-plan building or area does not have inside walls dividing it up into rooms. E.g. an open-plan office.
weird: /wɪəd/ very strange or unusual and difficult to explain. E.g. a weird dream. She's a really weird girl. He's got some weird ideas. It's really weird seeing yourself on television. The weird and wonderful creatures that live beneath the sea.
airy: /ˈeəri/ with plenty of fresh air because it is large or has a lot of windows. E.g. the office was light and airy.  
poky /ˈpəʊki/ too small and not very pleasant or comfortable. Cramped. E.g. a poky little room.
cram: to push or force somebody/something into a small space; to move into a small space with the result that it is full. E.g. He crammed eight people into his car. I could never cram in all that she does in a day. I bought a large basket and crammed it full of presents.
hang out: to spend a lot of time in a place.E.g. The local kids hang out at the mall.
Hard sell: a method of selling that puts a lot of pressure on the customer to buy. E.g. Their salesmen are trained to go for the hard sell.
roomy large with a lot of space inside it.
chilly: too cold to be comfortable. E.g. It's chilly today. I was feeling chilly.
a stone's throw: a very short distance away. E.g. We live just a stone's throw from here. The hotel is within a stone's throw of the beach.
catch up on: to find out about things that have happened. E.g. We spent the evening catching up on each other's news.
chit-chat: conversation about things that are not important. E.g. We spent the afternoon in idle chit-chat.
haven: /ˈheɪvn/ a place that is safe and peaceful where people or animals are protected. E.g. The hotel is a haven of peace and tranquility. The river banks are a haven for wildlife. The camp offers a haven to refugees.

Ex 5

Chaos: /ˈkeɪɒs/ a state of complete confusion and lack of order. E.g. economic/ political/ domestic chaos. E.g. Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads. The house was in chaos after the party. The country was thrown/ plunged into chaos by the President's death.
talker: /ˈtɔːkə(r)/ a person who talks in a particular way or who talks a lot. E.g. a brilliant talker. She's a (great) talker (= she talks a lot). He's more a talker than a doer (= he talks instead of doing things).

Ex 6A

KEY
 
1 who do creative work is a defining relative clause.

Defining relative clauses give essential information about a noun. 

2 none of whom were bad people is a non-defining relative clause.

Non-defining relative clauses give extra information about a noun.

Ex 6B

KEY
 
1 Most people who do creative work



2 none of whom were bad people



3 anywhere I feel comfortable, warm and relaxed



4 at which point I decided to work from home



5 on which I sit every day



6 whose major characteristic is brightness


Ex 6 C

KEY

a) 5



b) 4



c) 6



d) 2



e) 3



f ) 1



Ex 6 D

KEY
 
1 It is possible to use that instead of who, where, when, etc. in defining relative clauses. 



2 These are non-defining relative clauses. Non-defining relative clauses always use a comma before them. 



3 Where has been omitted from the sentence. This is possible because we can omit the relative
pronoun if it is the object of the verb.  

p 133
Ex 1

KEY
 
2 of 


3 where 
seedy: /ˈsiːdi/ dirty and unpleasant, possibly connected with immoral or illegal activities. E.g. a seedy bar. The seedy world of prostitution. A seedy-looking man.

dive: a bar, music club, etc. that is cheap, and perhaps dark or dirty. E.g. The band played in every smoky dive in town.



4 whose 



5 about
haunt: /hɔːnt/ a place that somebody visits often or where they spend a lot of time. E.g. The pub is a favourite haunt of artists. 



6 whose
decor: /deɪkɔː(r)/ the style in which the inside of a building is decorated. E.g. interior decor. The restaurant's elegant new decor. Choosing the furniture and decor for their new home was an exciting project.

peel (off) (of a covering) to come off in strips or small pieces. E.g. The wallpaper was beginning to peel.




7 where 



8 which 



9 time 



10 on 
dissertation (on something): /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn/ a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree. A dissertation on the novels of the Brontë sisters. He had considered writing his doctoral dissertation on Kant.

conceive: /kənˈsiːv/ to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine something. E.g. the project was originally conceived in 1977.  He conceived the idea of transforming the old power station into an arts centre. I cannot conceive (= I do not believe) (that) he would wish to harm us.
I cannot conceive what it must be like.



11 whom 

Ex 2
KEY
1 There were lots of children there, all of whom sang really well. 



2 The fire alarm went off, at which point the lesson ended. 
go off: if an alarm, etc.goes off, it makes a sudden loud noise.



3 That’s the woman whose house we stayed in. 



4 The person from whom I learned the most is Clare. 



5 You may get a scholarship, in which case you won’t need to pay. 



6 There are two photocopiers in the office, both of which are out of order.


Ex 7
KEY
1 a) 



2 c) 
run-down: in very bad condition; that has not been taken care of. E.g. run-down inner-city areas.



3 a) 
overlook: /ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/ if a building, etc.overlooks a place, you can see that place from the building. E.g. a restaurant overlooking the lake. Our back yard is overlooked by several houses.
secluded: /sɪˈkluːdɪd/ quiet and private; not used or disturbed by other people. E.g. a secluded garden/ beach/ spot, etc.
off the beaten track: far away from other people, houses, etc. E.g. They live miles off the beaten track.




4 b) 
yearly: happening once a year or every year. E.g. Pay is reviewed on a yearly basis.




5 b) 



6 c) 



7 b) 



8 b)