Showing posts with label Ready for C1 U11. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ready for C1 U11. Show all posts
Ready for CAE p 151. Cloze: Vocabulary
Look back on: think about something in your past. Reflect on. E.g. to look back on your childhood.
Constraint: a thing that limits or restricts something, or your freedom to do something. Restriction. E.g. constraints of time/money/space. Financial/economic/legal/political constraints. At last we could relax and talk without constraint.
Flattery: praise that is not sincere, especially in order to obtain something from somebody. Adulación. E.g. you're too intelligent to fall for his flattery.
Constraint: a thing that limits or restricts something, or your freedom to do something. Restriction. E.g. constraints of time/money/space. Financial/economic/legal/political constraints. At last we could relax and talk without constraint.
Flattery: praise that is not sincere, especially in order to obtain something from somebody. Adulación. E.g. you're too intelligent to fall for his flattery.
Ready for CAE p 145. Word Formation: Vocabulary
Drawback: a disadvantage or problem that makes something a less attractive idea. Inconveniente. E.g. the main drawback to it is the cost. This is the one major drawback of the new system.
Downside: the disadvantages or less positive aspects of something.Inconveniente, desventaja Opposite: upside. E.g. On the downside, it is expensive. What's the downside of your idea?, ¿cuál es el lado negativo de tu propuesta?
Outburst: a sudden strong expression of an emotion. E.g. an outburst of anger. Arrebato.
Downpour: a heavy fall of rain that often starts suddenly.Aguacero, tromba de agua.
Upturn: a situation in which something improves or increases over a period of time. Mejora. Opposite:
Downturn (bajón). E.g. an upturn in the economy. A sharp upturn in the number of tourists visiting the capital. Their fortunes have taken an upturn. The restaurant trade is on the upturn.
Outbreak: the sudden start of something unpleasant, especially violence or a disease. Brote, estallido, comienzo. E.g. the outbreak of war. An outbreak of typhoid. Outbreaks of rain are expected in the afternoon.
Insight (into something): an understanding of what something is like. Conocimiento de alguna cosa. E.g. the book gives us fascinating insights into life in Mexico. I hope you have gained some insight into the difficulties we face.
Outcome: the result or effect of an action or event. E.g. we are waiting to hear the final outcome of the negotiations.
Setback: a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents something, or makes a situation worse. Contratiempo, revés. E.g. the team suffered a major setback when their best player was injured. The breakdown in talks represents a temporary setback in the peace process. Synonym: Upset: a situation in which there are problems or difficulties, especially when these are unexpected: e.g the company has survived the recent upset in share prices.
Output: the amount of something that a person, a machine or an organization produces. Producción. E.g. manufacturing output has increased by 8%.
Upbringing: the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up. Educación, crianza. E.g. to have had a sheltered upbringing. He was a Catholic by upbringing.
Breakdown: a failure of a relationship, discussion or system. Ruptura, fallo. E.g. the breakdown of a marriage. Marriage breakdown. A breakdown in communications. The breakdown of the negotiations was not unexpected. The breakdown of law and order.
Turnout: the number of people who attend a particular event. Participación. E.g. This year's festival attracted a record turnout.
Loot: to steal things from shops/stores or buildings after a riot, fire, etc. Saquear. E.g. more than 20 shops were looted.
Downside: the disadvantages or less positive aspects of something.Inconveniente, desventaja Opposite: upside. E.g. On the downside, it is expensive. What's the downside of your idea?, ¿cuál es el lado negativo de tu propuesta?
Outburst: a sudden strong expression of an emotion. E.g. an outburst of anger. Arrebato.
Downpour: a heavy fall of rain that often starts suddenly.Aguacero, tromba de agua.
Upturn: a situation in which something improves or increases over a period of time. Mejora. Opposite:
Downturn (bajón). E.g. an upturn in the economy. A sharp upturn in the number of tourists visiting the capital. Their fortunes have taken an upturn. The restaurant trade is on the upturn.
Outbreak: the sudden start of something unpleasant, especially violence or a disease. Brote, estallido, comienzo. E.g. the outbreak of war. An outbreak of typhoid. Outbreaks of rain are expected in the afternoon.
Insight (into something): an understanding of what something is like. Conocimiento de alguna cosa. E.g. the book gives us fascinating insights into life in Mexico. I hope you have gained some insight into the difficulties we face.
Outcome: the result or effect of an action or event. E.g. we are waiting to hear the final outcome of the negotiations.
Setback: a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents something, or makes a situation worse. Contratiempo, revés. E.g. the team suffered a major setback when their best player was injured. The breakdown in talks represents a temporary setback in the peace process. Synonym: Upset: a situation in which there are problems or difficulties, especially when these are unexpected: e.g the company has survived the recent upset in share prices.
Output: the amount of something that a person, a machine or an organization produces. Producción. E.g. manufacturing output has increased by 8%.
Upbringing: the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up. Educación, crianza. E.g. to have had a sheltered upbringing. He was a Catholic by upbringing.
Breakdown: a failure of a relationship, discussion or system. Ruptura, fallo. E.g. the breakdown of a marriage. Marriage breakdown. A breakdown in communications. The breakdown of the negotiations was not unexpected. The breakdown of law and order.
Turnout: the number of people who attend a particular event. Participación. E.g. This year's festival attracted a record turnout.
Loot: to steal things from shops/stores or buildings after a riot, fire, etc. Saquear. E.g. more than 20 shops were looted.
Ready for CAE p 145. A Confession. Vocabulary
- Pore over sth: [pɔː] poring [ˈpɔːr ɪŋ] to look at or read sth very carefully
SYN examine:
His lawyers are poring over the small print in the contract
- put sth down to sth: attribute. to consider that sth is caused by sth:
What do you put her success down to?
- come across (also come over) to make a particular impression:
She comes across well in interviews. He came over as a sympathetic person.
- Voracious: [vəˈreɪʃəs] wanting a lot of new information and knowledge
SYN avid:
a voracious reader
- Aptly: ['æptlɪ] suitable or appropriate in the circumstances (acertadamente)
the aptly named Grand Hotel
- Craft: to make sth using special skills, especially with your hands
SYN fashion:
All the furniture is crafted from natural materials. a carefully crafted speech
- Emulate: to try to do sth as well as sb else because you admire them:
She hopes to emulate her sister’s sporting achievements.
- Detrimental: detrimental (to sb/sth) harmful
SYN damaging:
the sun’s detrimental effect on skin. The policy will be detrimental to the peace process
- devote sth to sth: to give an amount of time, attention, etc. to sth:
I could only devote two hours a day to the work.
- Quarter: a person or group of people, especially as a source of help, information or a reaction:
Support for the plan came from an unexpected quarter. The news was greeted with dismay in some quarters
- make up your mind | make your mind up: to decide sth:
They’re both beautiful—I can’t make up my mind.
- Hopelessly: (desesperadamente) there is no hope that it will get better or succeed: to be hopelessly in love
- pay your way: to pay for everything yourself without having to rely on anyone else’s money
- pay sth off: to finish paying money owed for sth:
We paid off our mortgage after fifteen years.
SYN examine:
His lawyers are poring over the small print in the contract
- put sth down to sth: attribute. to consider that sth is caused by sth:
What do you put her success down to?
- come across (also come over) to make a particular impression:
She comes across well in interviews. He came over as a sympathetic person.
- Voracious: [vəˈreɪʃəs] wanting a lot of new information and knowledge
SYN avid:
a voracious reader
- Aptly: ['æptlɪ] suitable or appropriate in the circumstances (acertadamente)
the aptly named Grand Hotel
- Craft: to make sth using special skills, especially with your hands
SYN fashion:
All the furniture is crafted from natural materials. a carefully crafted speech
- Emulate: to try to do sth as well as sb else because you admire them:
She hopes to emulate her sister’s sporting achievements.
- Detrimental: detrimental (to sb/sth) harmful
SYN damaging:
the sun’s detrimental effect on skin. The policy will be detrimental to the peace process
- devote sth to sth: to give an amount of time, attention, etc. to sth:
I could only devote two hours a day to the work.
- Quarter: a person or group of people, especially as a source of help, information or a reaction:
Support for the plan came from an unexpected quarter. The news was greeted with dismay in some quarters
- make up your mind | make your mind up: to decide sth:
They’re both beautiful—I can’t make up my mind.
- Hopelessly: (desesperadamente) there is no hope that it will get better or succeed: to be hopelessly in love
- pay your way: to pay for everything yourself without having to rely on anyone else’s money
- pay sth off: to finish paying money owed for sth:
We paid off our mortgage after fifteen years.
Ready for CAE p 142. The Trouble with Modern Audiences. Vocabulary
THE TROUBLE WITH MODERN AUDIENCES
Etiquette: the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular profession.
To fidget: to keep moving your body, your hands or your feet because you are nervous, bored, excited, etc.
Bottom: the part of the body that you sit on.
To stroke: to move your hand gently and slowly over an animal’s fur or hair.
Mock: that is a copy of sthg; not real.
To conduct: to direct a group of people who are singing or playing music.
To bob up: to come to the surface suddenly.
Kick: a movement with the foot or the leg, usually to hit sthg with the foot.
To resort TO: to make use of sthg, especially sthg bad, as a means of achieving sthg, often because there is no other possible solution.
To seethe: to be extremely angry about sthg but try not to show other people how angry you are.
Righteous: morally right and good. What you think is morally acceptable or fair.
Whilst: While.
To open up: to talk about what you feel and think.
Drawback: disadvantage.
To flick: to hit sthg with a sudden quick movement, especially using your finger and thumb together, or your hand.
Mischief: bad behaviour (especially of children) that is annoying but does not cause any serious damage or harm.
To whistle: to make a high sound or a musical tune by forcing your breath out when your lips are closed.
To ruin: to damage sthg so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.; to spoil sthg.
Horrific: (informal) very bad or unpleasant.
Downside: the disadvantages or less positive aspects of sthg.
To dress up: to put on special clothes, especially to pretend to be sby/sthg different.
Black tie: a black bow tie worn with a dinner jacket.
To stifle: to feel unable to breathe, or to make sby unable to breathe, because it is too hot and/or there is no fresh air.
Oblivious TO: not aware of sthg.
To pop on: to turn on a piece of electrical equipment.
Outburst: a sudden strong expression of an emotion.
Temper: a short period of feeling very angry.
On no account: (used to emphasise sthg) not for any reason.
In full working order: fully capable of operating.
Chopstick: either of a pair of thin sticks that are used for eating with, especially in some Asian countries.
To unwrap: to take off the paper, etc. that covers or protects sthg.
To wander off: to move away from the place where you ought to be or the people you are with.
To cocoon: [usually passive] cocoon sby/sthg (in sthg) to protect sby/sthg by surrounding them or it completely with sthg.
Unabashed: not ashamed, embarrassed or affected by people’s disapproval, when other people would be.
To dumb down: (disapproving) to make sthg less accurate or educational, and of worse quality, by trying to make it easier for people to understand.
Etiquette: the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular profession.
To fidget: to keep moving your body, your hands or your feet because you are nervous, bored, excited, etc.
Bottom: the part of the body that you sit on.
To stroke: to move your hand gently and slowly over an animal’s fur or hair.
Mock: that is a copy of sthg; not real.
To conduct: to direct a group of people who are singing or playing music.
To bob up: to come to the surface suddenly.
Kick: a movement with the foot or the leg, usually to hit sthg with the foot.
To resort TO: to make use of sthg, especially sthg bad, as a means of achieving sthg, often because there is no other possible solution.
To seethe: to be extremely angry about sthg but try not to show other people how angry you are.
Righteous: morally right and good. What you think is morally acceptable or fair.
Whilst: While.
To open up: to talk about what you feel and think.
Drawback: disadvantage.
To flick: to hit sthg with a sudden quick movement, especially using your finger and thumb together, or your hand.
Mischief: bad behaviour (especially of children) that is annoying but does not cause any serious damage or harm.
To whistle: to make a high sound or a musical tune by forcing your breath out when your lips are closed.
To ruin: to damage sthg so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.; to spoil sthg.
Horrific: (informal) very bad or unpleasant.
Downside: the disadvantages or less positive aspects of sthg.
To dress up: to put on special clothes, especially to pretend to be sby/sthg different.
Black tie: a black bow tie worn with a dinner jacket.
To stifle: to feel unable to breathe, or to make sby unable to breathe, because it is too hot and/or there is no fresh air.
Oblivious TO: not aware of sthg.
To pop on: to turn on a piece of electrical equipment.
Outburst: a sudden strong expression of an emotion.
Temper: a short period of feeling very angry.
On no account: (used to emphasise sthg) not for any reason.
In full working order: fully capable of operating.
Chopstick: either of a pair of thin sticks that are used for eating with, especially in some Asian countries.
To unwrap: to take off the paper, etc. that covers or protects sthg.
To wander off: to move away from the place where you ought to be or the people you are with.
To cocoon: [usually passive] cocoon sby/sthg (in sthg) to protect sby/sthg by surrounding them or it completely with sthg.
Unabashed: not ashamed, embarrassed or affected by people’s disapproval, when other people would be.
To dumb down: (disapproving) to make sthg less accurate or educational, and of worse quality, by trying to make it easier for people to understand.
Ready for CAE p 140. Listening: Vocabulary
Draw: /drɔː/ a person, a thing or an event that attracts a lot of people. Attraction. E.g. she is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene.
Go by something: to be guided by something; to form an opinion from something. Guiarse por. Atenerse a. E.g. that's a good rule to go by. If past experience is anything to go by, they'll be late.
The mainstream [singular] the ideas and opinions that are thought to be normal because they are shared by most people; the people whose ideas and opinions are most accepted. Corriente dominante. E.g. his radical views place him outside the mainstream of American politics. He was never part of the literary mainstream as a writer.
Mainstream adjective [usually before noun]: e.g. mainstream education.
Put sth together: to make or prepare something by fitting or collecting parts together. Montar. E.g. to put together a model plane/an essay/a meal. I think we can put together a very strong case for the defence.
Sacred: /ˈseɪkrɪd/
1 connected with God or a god; considered to be holy. E.g. a sacred image/shrine(santuario)/temple.
2 very important and treated with great respect. E.g. human life must always be sacred.
On view: being shown in a public place so that people can look at it. E.g. the new discoveries will be on view in London in the spring. Se expondrán.
Chisel: /ˈtʃɪzl/ a tool with a sharp flat edge at the end, used for shaping wood, stone or metal. Cincel, formón.
Go by something: to be guided by something; to form an opinion from something. Guiarse por. Atenerse a. E.g. that's a good rule to go by. If past experience is anything to go by, they'll be late.
The mainstream [singular] the ideas and opinions that are thought to be normal because they are shared by most people; the people whose ideas and opinions are most accepted. Corriente dominante. E.g. his radical views place him outside the mainstream of American politics. He was never part of the literary mainstream as a writer.
Mainstream adjective [usually before noun]: e.g. mainstream education.
Put sth together: to make or prepare something by fitting or collecting parts together. Montar. E.g. to put together a model plane/an essay/a meal. I think we can put together a very strong case for the defence.
Sacred: /ˈseɪkrɪd/
1 connected with God or a god; considered to be holy. E.g. a sacred image/shrine(santuario)/temple.
2 very important and treated with great respect. E.g. human life must always be sacred.
On view: being shown in a public place so that people can look at it. E.g. the new discoveries will be on view in London in the spring. Se expondrán.
Chisel: /ˈtʃɪzl/ a tool with a sharp flat edge at the end, used for shaping wood, stone or metal. Cincel, formón.
Ready for CAE p 140. Polynesian Tattoos. Extra Listening
TATTOING
1. Who do Hawaiian tattoos share a kinship with?
2. Who is the ancient art of tattooing thriving among?
3. What do tattoos define in Polynesian society?
4. What do Hawaiians think the right tattoos protect you from?
5. What does enduring your first tattoo mean for a Polynesian?
6. What instruments are used in Polynesia?
7. What were the teeth made from in the old days?
•
•
•
8. What does Tata mean? What about u?
9. Who were the first westerners to use the word tattoo?
10. When will they eat what Isaia and his crew are preparing?
11. How far back do the symbols the reporter want tattooed on his body date?
KEY
TATTOING
1. Who do Hawaiian tattoos share a kinship with?
The moko of New Zealand.
2. Who is the ancient art of tattooing thriving among?
Among tatoo artists dedicated to bringing back the old traditions.
3. What do tattoos define in Polynesian society?
They define your role in society, they tell who you are, what you do, battles you've won, men you've killed
4. What do Hawaiians think the right tattoos protect you from?
It's like a shield that protects you from bodily harm and evil spirits.
5. What does enduring your first tattoo mean for a Polynesian?
For an adolescent it is a rite of passage into adulthood.
6. What instruments are used in Polynesia?
The nifo and a striking stick.
7. What were the teeth made from in the old days?
• a bird's beak
• a boar's tooth
• barbs from a fish tail
8. What does Tata mean?
Repeatedly done by hand.
What about u?
Color.
9. Who were the first westerners to use the word tattoo?
English sailors travelling through Polynesia in the 18th century.
10. When will they eat what Isaia and his crew are preparing?
Not until his tatoo is done.
11. How far back do the symbols the reporter want tattooed on his body date?
More than 2,000 years.
Ready for CAE p 140. The Art of Tattooing. Extra Cloze
CLOZE TEST
Read the text and complete the chart below with a word from the list that comes before the text. Every word can only be used ONCE. There are six words that you do not need to use.
Bearing, holding, notoriously, rubbing,
Ceremony, instance, full stops, worldwide,
Dots, largely, practice,
Former, latter, prominently,
Formulae, loan, rites,
TATTOOING
A tattoo is a marking made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment for decorative or other reasons. Tattooing has been practiced for centuries 1.________________.
The Oxford English Dictionary gives the etymology of tattoo as “In 18th c. tattaow, tattow. From Polynesian tatau. In Tahitian, tatu.” The word tatau was introduced as a 2. ________________ word into English, the pronunciation being changed to conform to English phonology as “tattoo”.
Tattoo enthusiasts may refer to tattoos as “Ink”, “Tats”, “Art”, “Pieces”, or “Work”; and to the tattooists as “Artists”. The 3. ________________ usage is gaining greater support, with mainstream art galleries holding exhibitions of both conventional and custom tattoo designs. Copyrighted tattoo designs that are mass-produced and sent to tattoo artists are known as flash , a notable 4. ________________ of industrial design. Flash sheets are
5. ________________ displayed in many tattoo parlors for the purpose of providing both inspiration and ready-made tattoo images to customers.
Tattooing has been a Eurasian 6. ________________ at least since around Neolithic times. Ótzi the Iceman, dating from the fourth to fifth millennium BC, was found in the Ötz valley in the Alps and had approximately 57 carbon tattoos consisting of simple 7. ________________ and lines on his lower spine, behind his left knee, and on his right ankle. Other mummies 8. ________________ tattoos and dating from the end of the second millennium BC have been discovered in Egypt and other countries.
Tattooing in Japan is thought to go back to the Paleolithic era, some ten thousand years ago. Various other cultures have had their own tattoo traditions, ranging from 9. ________________ cuts and other wounds with ashes, to hand-pricking the skin to insert dyes.
Tattoos have served as 10. ________________ of passage, marks of status, symbols of religious and spiritual devotion, decorations for bravery, marks of fertility, pledges of love, punishment, amulets and talismans, protection, and as the marks of outcasts slaves and convicts. The symbolism and impact of tattoos varies in different places and cultures.
Adapted from © http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tattoo
KEY
1. WORLDWIDE.
2. LOAN
3. LATTER
4. INSTANCE
5. PROMINENTLY
6. PRACTICE
7. DOTS
8. BEARING
9. RUBBING
10. RITES
Read the text and complete the chart below with a word from the list that comes before the text. Every word can only be used ONCE. There are six words that you do not need to use.
Bearing, holding, notoriously, rubbing,
Ceremony, instance, full stops, worldwide,
Dots, largely, practice,
Former, latter, prominently,
Formulae, loan, rites,
TATTOOING
A tattoo is a marking made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment for decorative or other reasons. Tattooing has been practiced for centuries 1.________________.
The Oxford English Dictionary gives the etymology of tattoo as “In 18th c. tattaow, tattow. From Polynesian tatau. In Tahitian, tatu.” The word tatau was introduced as a 2. ________________ word into English, the pronunciation being changed to conform to English phonology as “tattoo”.
Tattoo enthusiasts may refer to tattoos as “Ink”, “Tats”, “Art”, “Pieces”, or “Work”; and to the tattooists as “Artists”. The 3. ________________ usage is gaining greater support, with mainstream art galleries holding exhibitions of both conventional and custom tattoo designs. Copyrighted tattoo designs that are mass-produced and sent to tattoo artists are known as flash , a notable 4. ________________ of industrial design. Flash sheets are
5. ________________ displayed in many tattoo parlors for the purpose of providing both inspiration and ready-made tattoo images to customers.
Tattooing has been a Eurasian 6. ________________ at least since around Neolithic times. Ótzi the Iceman, dating from the fourth to fifth millennium BC, was found in the Ötz valley in the Alps and had approximately 57 carbon tattoos consisting of simple 7. ________________ and lines on his lower spine, behind his left knee, and on his right ankle. Other mummies 8. ________________ tattoos and dating from the end of the second millennium BC have been discovered in Egypt and other countries.
Tattooing in Japan is thought to go back to the Paleolithic era, some ten thousand years ago. Various other cultures have had their own tattoo traditions, ranging from 9. ________________ cuts and other wounds with ashes, to hand-pricking the skin to insert dyes.
Tattoos have served as 10. ________________ of passage, marks of status, symbols of religious and spiritual devotion, decorations for bravery, marks of fertility, pledges of love, punishment, amulets and talismans, protection, and as the marks of outcasts slaves and convicts. The symbolism and impact of tattoos varies in different places and cultures.
Adapted from © http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tattoo
KEY
1. WORLDWIDE.
2. LOAN
3. LATTER
4. INSTANCE
5. PROMINENTLY
6. PRACTICE
7. DOTS
8. BEARING
9. RUBBING
10. RITES
Ready for CAE p 140. The Art of Tattooing. Extra Speaking
Ready for CAE Ss p 140. the Art of Tattooing. Extra Speaking
Useful Language:
- tummy noun(pl. -ies) (informal) (used especially by children or when speaking to children) the stomach or the area around the stomach:
Mum, my tummy hurts. to have (a) tummy ache
- Belly: the part of the body below the chest
- belly button noun(informal) = also tummy button: navel (the small hollow part or lump in the middle of the stomach where the umbilical cord was cut at birth)
- wrist: the joint between the hand and the arm:
She’s broken her wrist. He wore a copper bracelet on his wrist
Useful Language:
- tummy noun(pl. -ies) (informal) (used especially by children or when speaking to children) the stomach or the area around the stomach:
Mum, my tummy hurts. to have (a) tummy ache
- Belly: the part of the body below the chest
- belly button noun(informal) = also tummy button: navel (the small hollow part or lump in the middle of the stomach where the umbilical cord was cut at birth)
- wrist: the joint between the hand and the arm:
She’s broken her wrist. He wore a copper bracelet on his wrist
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