Speakout Advanced p 86. Rewarding Children. Extra Word Formation

Cash rewards are a common form of 0_____________ MOTIVATE used by parents with high 1___________ EXPECT to encourage their children to work hard at exam time. Some youngsters receive 2_________  PAY of as much as 100 pounds for each A grade they obtain at GCSE. But should such ‘bribes’ be based on exam 3______________ PERFORM or should they, as many parents and teachers feel, be offered in 4__________ RECOGNIZE of a child’s effort, regardless of results? The latter approach would solve the problem of how parents reward children with different levels of 5______________ ABLE; imagine, for example, a family with one child who is 6______________ ACADEMIC gifted and another who has learning 7__________ DIFFICULT. The dangers of result-related incentives for the second child are clear; with little hope of obtaining the higher grades, the withholding of promised 8__________ FINANCE rewards would only compound the child’s feeling of 9________ FAIL. However, some leading educational psychologists believe that parents should rely on their own 10________ JUDGE in such matters. They maintain that if parents know that money will motivate their child, then  they should not be condemned for operating a system of cash payouts.

KEY

0 motivation

1 expectations

2 payment(s)

bribe: a sum of money or something valuable that you give or offer to somebody to persuade them to help you, especially by doing something dishonest. Sp. soborno. E.g. It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. She had been offered a $50000 bribe to drop the charges.

3 performance(s)

4 recognition

latter:  being the second of two things, people or groups that have just been mentioned, or the last in a list. E.g. The latter point is the most important.

5 ability

6 academically

7 difficulties

8 financial

withhold something (from somebody/something) (formal) to refuse to give something to somebody. Keep back. E.g. She was accused of withholding information from the police. Payment was withheld until the work was completed.

9 failure

compound something:  /kəmˈpaʊnd/  to make something bad become even worse by causing further damage or problems. E.g. The problems were compounded by severe food shortages.

10 judgement/ judgment 

payout: a large amount of money that is given to somebody. E.g. an insurance payout. A lottery payout