Ex 5A
KEY
2 It wasn’t possible/I wasn’t able
3 I was obliged (strong)
4 it’s possible
5 it’s expected
6 it isn’t a good idea
7 I was obliged (weak)
8 you did it but it was unnecessary
Ex 5B
KEY
1 b)
2 a)
3 a)
4 b)
5 a)
6 b)
Ex 5C
KEY
1 allowed= 5 permissible
permissible /pəˈmɪsəbl/ acceptable according to the law or a particular set of rules. E.g. permissible levels of nitrates /ˈnaɪtreɪt/ in water. Permissible (for somebody) (to do something) It is not permissible for employers to discriminate on grounds of age.
2 forbidden = 7 banned
ban somebody from something E.g. He was banned from the meeting.
ban somebody from doing something E.g. She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.
3 obligatory = 9 compulsory
obligatory (for somebody) (to do something): /əˈblɪɡətri/ E.g. It is obligatory for all employees to wear protective clothing
compulsory: /kəmˈpʌlsəri/ E.g. It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets. English is a compulsory subject at this level. Compulsory education/ schooling. Compulsory redundancies
4 had the courage to = 8 dared to
courage: /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/
pluck up (the) courage (to do something): to make yourself do something even though you are afraid to do it. E.g. I finally plucked up the courage to ask her for a date.
dare (to) do something E.g. He didn't dare (to) say what he thought. They daren't ask for any more money. There was something, dare I say it, a little unusual about him. I dare say you are right.
6 compelled to = 10 forced to
compel: /kəmˈpel/ to force somebody to do something; to make something necessary.
Compel somebody to do something E.g. The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children. I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.
Compel something Last year ill health compelled his retirement.
force somebody into doing something The President was forced into resigning.
force somebody/yourself to do something The President was forced to resign. I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left. She forced herself to be polite to them.
p 137
Ex 1
KEY
1 We weren’t allowed to bring our own food to school.
2 I shouldn’t have told him that I cheated in the exam.
3 You’d better turn your mobiles off. They...
4 You have to hand this work in first thing in the morning.
5 I didn’t dare (to) tell them the truth.
6 They’re not supposed to have their lights on after 10p.m.
Ex 2
1 You didn’t need to rush. There’s another five minutes before the film starts.
2 We’d better leave plenty of time to get to the airport in case of heavy traffic.
3 You didn't have to buy a present. That’s very kind of you.
4 You shouldn’t drive a car if you’re tired.
5 We didn’t have to stop at all on the way.
6 They were supposed to deliver the furniture today.
7 You ought to try this programme – it’s very good.
8 You shouldn’t talk to people like that. It’s rude.
Ex 6A
Transcript
1 Dictionaries /ˈdɪkʃənriz/ are allowed in the exam.
2 It’s obligatory /əˈblɪɡətri/ for companies /ˈkʌmpəniz/ to provide details of their industrial processes /ˈprəʊsesɪz/.
3 She felt compelle(d) to resign because of the scandal.
4 Only a few journalists dare(d) to cover the story.
5 At least she had the courage to tell him what (h)ad happened.
6 Cars (h)ave been banned from the city centre.
Ex 7
KEY
disapprove of somebody/something E.g. He strongly disapproved of the changes that had been made.
1 were never allowed to
2 had to
3 used to
4 should have
Mercedes: /məˈseɪdɪz/
5 ought to keep
extravagance: /ɪkˈstrævəɡəns/ something that you buy although it costs a lot of money, perhaps more than you can afford or than is necessary. E.g. Going to the theatre is our only extravagance.
6 had to hide
7 ‘d better not
8 was supposed to
9 could have
10 would have
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