Open World p 20. Gerunds and Infinitives. Extra speaking

A. Have a natural conversation with a partner about the pictures above and the questions below.

1. What kind of household chores don’t you mind doing?
2.  Do you mind going to the dentist? Why / Why not?
3. Do you spend a lot of time reading in English? What do you read?
4. Do you prefer going to the cinema or watching DVDs? Why / Why not?
5. Has your decision to do something ever led others to have an opportunity to do something else that otherwise wouldn't have done?
6. Have you ever been encouraged to do something you were at first reluctant to do and then you were pleased to have done?
7. What kind of job do you hope to have in five years’ time?
8. Have you planned to go on holiday soon?
9. Do you mind people smoking next to you at bus stops, etc…?
10.  What age were you when you started going to school? Talk about what you vividly remember your first teacher doing.
11.  When was the last time someone urged you to have dinner together and you couldn't refuse to go?
12.  Do you generally feel like going out on a wintery day? Why / Why not?
13. Do you enjoy speaking English? Why / Why not?   
14.  What do men waste time doing in Spain? What about women?
15.  What do you think you should stop doing and what could you start doing instead?
16.  Talk about things you sometimes forget to do, and why you should remember to do them.
17.  Talk about difficult things you’ve tried to do, but didn’t succeed in doing.
18.  Talk about interesting things you remember doing as a child, and why you liked doing them.

B. Monologue. Talk about the questions given.

Student A

1.  Speak about rock bands you have watched perform live or on TV, and what you heard them play.
2.  What are you looking forward to doing shortly?
3.  When was the last time someone denied having done something you saw them do?

Student B

1.  Has it ever happened to you that something you expected to be done in a week ended up taking a month or more? 
2. Does watching TV or reading a book help you relax? What else do you do to unwind after a busy day?
3. Do you appreciate being told when you make a mistake or do you detest being corrected?

Open World p 20. Gerunds and Infinitives. Extra Listening

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Exercises

Exercise

Open World p 20. Verb Patterns and Reporting verbs. Extra Key Word Transformations

1. "I really wish I hadn't left the cake next to the radiator," he said.
REGRETTED
He ________________________ the cake next to the radiator.
2. "It's not a good idea to wear a pink shirt with your green trousers," she told me
ADVISED
She ______________________________a pink shirt with my green trousers.
3. "There's no way I'm going to sing karaoke with you," he said to his mother.
REFUSED
He _________________________karaoke with his mother.
4. "Why don't you ask questions so that I can give my voice a rest?," he said.
SUGGESTED
He _________________________ so that he could give his voice a rest.
5. "Believe it or not, I can name the capital city of every country in the world," he said.
CLAIMED
He____________________________ name the capital city of every country in the world.
6. "Don't forget to hand in your essay next Friday," she told me.
REMINDED
She____________________________ my essay (on) the following Friday.
7. "The government has failed to keep its promise to reduce inflation," she said.
ACCUSED
She ___________________________ to keep its promise to reduce inflation.
8. "I certainly didn't eat your chocolates," she told him.
DENIED
She _________________________ chocolates.
9. "You'd better not carry too much money," she told me.
WARNED
She ________________________ too much money.
10. "I'll call the police if you don't leave now," she told him.
THREATENED
She _______________________ if he didn't leave.
11. "Congratulations! You passed your exam," he said to me.
CONGRATULATED
He _______________________ the exam.
12. "I stole the money," he said.
CONFESSED
He ____________________ the money.
13. "I want to see the manager," he said.
INSISTED
He____________________ the manager.



Sentences with KEY

1. "I really wish I hadn't left the cake next to the radiator," he said.
REGRETTED
He ________________________ the cake next to the radiator.

 

 KEY

1. He regretted having left/leaving the cake next to the radiator.


2. "It's not a good idea to wear a pink shirt with your green trousers," she told me
ADVISED
She ______________________________a pink shirt with my green trousers.

KEY

 

 

2. She advised me not to wear/ advised (me) against wearing a pink shirt with my green trousers.

3. "There's no way I'm going to sing karaoke with you," he said to his mother.
REFUSED
He _________________________karaoke with his mother.

KEY

 

 
3. He refused to sing karaoke with his mother.

4. "Why don't you ask questions so that I can give my voice a rest?," he said.
SUGGESTED
He _________________________ so that he could give his voice a rest.


KEY

 

4. He suggested asking/(that) we (should) ask questions so that he could give his voice a rest.

5. "Believe it or not, I can name the capital city of every country in the world," he said.
CLAIMED
He____________________________ name the capital city of every country in the world.


KEY

 

 
5. He claimed to be able to/ claimed (that) he could name the capital city of every country in the world.

6. "Don't forget to hand in your essay next Friday," she told me.
REMINDED
She____________________________ my essay (on) the following Friday.


KEY

 

 
6. She reminded me to hand in/ that I had to hand in my essay (on) the following Friday.

7. "The government has failed to keep its promise to reduce inflation," she said.
ACCUSED
She ___________________________ to keep its promise to reduce inflation.

KEY

 

 
7. She accused the government of failing to keep its promise to reduce inflation.

8. "I certainly didn't eat your chocolates," she told him.
DENIED
She _________________________ chocolates.

KEY

 
8. She denied eating/having eaten his chocolates.

9. "You'd better not carry too much money," she told me.
WARNED
She ________________________ too much money.


KEY

 

9. She warned me not to carry too much money.

10. "I'll call the police if you don't leave now," she told him.
THREATENED
She _______________________ if he didn't leave.

 

KEY

10. She threatened to call the police if he didn't leave.

11. "Congratulations! You passed your exam," he said to me.
CONGRATULATED
He _______________________ the exam.


 

KEY

11. He congratulated me on passing the exam.

12. "I stole the money," he said.
CONFESSED
He ____________________ the money.


KEY

 

12. He confessed to stealing/ that he had stolen the money.

13. "I want to see the manager," he said.
INSISTED
He____________________ the manager.

 

KEY

 

13. He insisted on seeing the manager. 

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive With a Change Of Meaning. Extra Grammar Exercise

Practise with verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with different meanings here.

Open World p 20. Gerunds or Infinitives with Verbs of Perception. Extra Grammar

The verb of perception (see, watch, notice, hear, listen, feel) are followed by bare infinitive or by -ing form (present participle).

If we want to say that we heard or saw the whole action from beginning to end, we usually use bare infinitive
E.g. I saw him sign the cheque.
If we want to say that we only saw or heard part of the action, we use -ing form
E.g. I saw the consultant waiting in reception.
(I saw the consultant. He was waiting in reception.)

Fill in the gaps with the infinitive (Without “to” ) or the -ing form of the verbs in brackets.
1.Did you hear those dogs __________ (bark) most of the night?
2.I noticed him __________ (throw) a sweet wrapper on the floor, so I asked him to pick it up.
3.I was able to watch them __________ (build) the new car park from my office window.
4.I watched him __________ (climb) through the window, and then I called the police.
5.I heard the baby __________ (cry) for most of the night.
6.When you came out of the station, did you notice the children __________ (play) musical instruments across the street?
7.Vicky heard someone __________ (close) the door.
8.We found Matthew __________ (exercise) in the gym.
9.She saw a man __________ (lie) in the street.
10.He heard the bomb __________ (explode).
11.I saw a woman __________ (cry). She was in a terrible state.



KEY:

1. bark



2. throwing



3. build



4. climb



5. cry



6. playing



7. close



8. exercising



9. lying



10. explode



11. crying

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Grammar Exercise 5

Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb form so that they are true for you.
1. I keep forgetting...
2. I am getting used ....
3. I have no intention...
4. It was my intention...
5. I wish I had the power...
6. I often have difficulty...
7. I really should make more effort...
8. My _______ (family member) has a tendency...
9. I don't regret my decision.....
10. This year I am planning to make an attempt...
11. When I was a child I was made...
12. I would never let my children...
13. I'd sooner...
14. There's little point...
15. It's no good...

16. I am committed to...

KEY
1. I keep forgetting...to do sth (after forgetting)/ doing sth (before forgetting)



2. I am getting used ....to doing sth



3. I have no intention...of doing sth



4. It was my intention...to do sth



5. I wish I had the power...to do sth



6. I often have difficulty...(in) doing sth.



7. I really should make more effort...to do sth



8. My _______ (family member) has a tendency...to do sth



9. I don't regret my decision..... to do sth.



10. This year I am planning to make an attempt...to do sth




11. When I was a child I was made...to do sth



12. I would never let my children...do sth.



13. I'd sooner... do sth.



14. There's little point...(in) doing sth. (little purpose in doing sth. E.g. There's no point continuing your piano lessons, if your heart is not in it. There's no point in getting angry. There is no point in locking the barn door now that the horse has been stolen. There's no point in crying over spilled milk.)



15. It's no good...doing sth (it is not useful, it has no useful effect. E.g. It's no good trying to talk me out of leaving.)

16. I am committed to ...doing sth (willing to work hard and give your time and energy to something; believing strongly in something. E.g. Residents are very committed to solving their neighborhood's problems. I am committed to working harder this academic year) 

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Grammar Exercise 4

1. I can't help _________ (wonder) why they decided to buy that awful house.
2. I must remember __________ (get) some stamps.
3. I didn't get round to ________ (phone) John yesterday- I was just too busy.
4. He gave up teaching and went on _____________ (become) a best-selling author.
5. We appreciate your ___________ (agree) to come at such short notice.
6. I regret _______________ (inform) you that your application has been unsuccessful.
7. She stopped ____________ (laugh) and began ___________ (cry) instead.
8. I keep _____________ (forget) ______________ (buy) some stamps.
9. He bitterly regretted ever _____________ (mention) it.
10.
Receptionist: Would you mind _____________ (take) a seat? The doctor will see you at five.
Patient: Yes, I would mind! I object to ___________ (wait) over an hour to see the doctor! I'm used to ___________ (see) immediately! 
11.
Alan: I've attempted ___________ (get) my driving license ten times now but I haven't managed __________ (pass) the test. Is there any use ___________ (have) another try, do you think?
Sue: Have you considered ___________ (have) more lessons? And it might be a good idea __________ (change) your driving instructor. And I suggest ____________ (stop) when the traffic lights are red next time, too. 
12.
Bridget: I hate __________ (come) to these awful office parties. I can't stand ___________ (make) polite conversation and pretending ___________ (enjoy) myself.
Annie: Yes, I'm looking forward to ___________ (go) home. I'd much sooner __________ (be) in bed with a good book, and avoid ___________ (have) another late night. 



Key
1. wondering



2. to get



3. phoning

get round to something/ get around to something to find the time to do something. E.g. I meant to do the ironing but I didn't get round to it. get round/around to doing something I hope to get around to answering your letter next week.

4. to become
When followed by gerund, go on means to continue with the same activity. With an infinitive, it means to change to a different activity.

5. agreeing
If the subject of the main verb and the gerund are different, an object or possessive adjective is used 
appreciate doing something I don't appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen.  
appreciate somebody doing something We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems.
I really appreciate you/your helping me like this



6. to inform



7a. laughing



7b.  crying/ to cry



8a. forgetting 



8b. to buy 



9. having mentioned


10a. taking



10b. waiting


10c. being seen  



11a. to get



11b. to pass



11c. having



11d. having



11e. to change



11f. stopping



12a. coming



12b. making



12c. to enjoy



12d. going



12e. be



12f. having

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Grammar Exercise 3

Read this letter from a headteacher to a parent and fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 
Dear Mr Marriott,
I am writing with regard to Melissa's progress this term, which I regret (1)________ (say) has been extremely disappointing. It appears she would sooner (2)___________ (spend) time (3)__________ (go) to town with her friends than (4)_________ (attend) classes, and her prolonged absences have made her (5)__________ (fall) behind with her coursework despite (6)_________(make) (7)__________(stay) for detention after school on several occasions (8)_________ (make) up for lost time. Furthermore in these past few weeks she seems (9)__________ (make) no effort (10)____________ (do) her homework, even though she has been reminded on several occasions (11)____________ (hand) this on time. Whenever she is confronted by the teacher about it, she keeps (12)___________ (say) she did not remember (13)__________ (do) it. It's no use (14)_________ (remind) her, for no apparent reason she avoids (15)________ (do) it. Research shows that students who try (16)_____________ (get) good marks try (17)__________ (do) their homework on a regular basis. In class, her apparent inability (18)____________ (stop) chatting has meant she has failed (19)___________ (take in) anything that has been going on. (20)____________ (Make) more effort (21)___________ (listen) to her teacher might enable her (22)____________(make) some progress and (23)_________ (help) her (24)___________ (improve) her powers of concentration. As I am sure you will appreciate, we cannot let students (25)______________ (get away with) this kind of behaviour and she has been told in no uncertain terms that she had better (26)__________ (change) her ways radically.
Yours sincerely,
John Smith
Waterford High School Headteacher

KEY
1. to say



2. spend



3. going



4. attend



5. fall



6. having been made



7. to stay



8. to make



9. to have made 



10. to do



11. to hand



12. saying



13. to do



14. reminding



15. doing



16. to get



17. doing



18. to stop



19. to take in (understand)



20. Making



21. to listen



22. to make



23. help



24. (to) improve



25. get away with (to do something wrong and not be punished for it)


in no uncertain terms: clearly and strongly. E.g. I told him what I thought of him in no uncertain terms.


26. change

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Grammar Exercise 2

Put the correct form of the verb in brackets, either gerund or infinitive, in each of the spaces in these sentences.

1.I couldn’t resist _______________ (go) to see that new exhibition at the National Gallery.
2.Please forgive my _______________ (mention) it, but I think you are sitting on my hat.
3.I refuse _______________ (accept) the idea of selling that painting, it’s been in my family for generations.
4.I’ve heard that Tom intends _______________ (invest) in 1980s furniture which is becoming very collectable.
5.I was completely shocked _______________ (learn) that my old vase was quite valuable.
6.Do you think it’s worth _______________ (travel) all the way to Paris to see the Cézanne exhibition?
7.What the designer forgot _______________ (mention) was the price she wants for the commission.
8.I have arranged for you _______________ (borrow) that art book rather than have the expense of _______________ (buy) it.
9.Would you mind _______________ (tidy) up your room a bit before you go out, please?
10. I can’t face _______________ (listen) to another hour of this concert, I’m going home!
11. I can’t be bothered _______________ (catch) the bus, let’s take a taxi.
12. Should you happen _______________ (see) Phil, could you tell him I’m looking for him?
13. I’m inclined _______________ (agree) with my father, who has no time for Picasso.
14. I resent your _______________ (suggest) that my work is not original.
15. Has Molly considered _______________ (visit) the Prado while she’s in Madrid?
16. Like many artists, Joshua cannot tolerate people _______________ (criticise) his work.
17. Is Gail counting on _______________ (get) a grant when she goes to art school?
18. Jason often pretends _______________ (be) unemployed, but actually he’s a graphic designer.
19. Don’t attempt _______________ (take) that picture out of its frame, you might damage it.
20. Alison generally appreciates _______________ (be) told when her work is not up to standard.



KEY:

1. going



2. mentioning



3. to accept



4. to invest/ investing
http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/intend?q=intend



5. to learn



6. travelling



7. to mention



8. to borrow



buying



9. tidying



10. listening



11. to catch



12. to see



13. to agree



14. suggesting



15. visiting



16. criticising



17. getting



18. to be



19. to take



20. being

Open World p 20. Gerund or Infinitive. Extra Grammar Exercise 1

Complete with the gerund or infinitive. Add "to" if it is appropriate.

1. Do you like __________ (smoke)?

2. I dislike _____________ (get up) at seven o’clock.

3. I started ____________ (work) here eight or nine years ago.

4. Do you prefer ____________ (travel) by plane or by ship?

5. I hate ____________ (write) ‘thank you’ letters.

6. I’m looking forward  ______________ (work) with you.

7. We talked about _____________ (go) to France for our holiday.

8. I’m not interested in ____________ (hear) your excuses.

9. He’s very keen on ____________ (swim) at the moment.

10. _______________ (swim) every day is a good way of keeping.

11. We decided _____________ (go) to Spain for our holidays.

12. I tried ________________ (phone) you but there was no answer.

13. She learnt ____________ (speak) Arabic when she was a child.

14. He hopes _____________ (find) a job soon.

15. They agreed ___________ (help) us with our problem.



KEY

1. smoking 

2. getting up 

3. working/ to work 

4. travelling 

5. writing 

6. to working              

 7. going 

8. hearing 

9. swimming 

10. Swimming 

11. to go 

12. to phone              

 13. to speak 

14. to find 

15. to help