Showing posts with label EF U05. Show all posts
Showing posts with label EF U05. Show all posts
EF p 194. PROPOSAL FOR A MONTHLY INTERCULTURAL STREET FOOD MARKET. Writing. Verb Form Gap Fill
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the verb that best fits each space using the correct verb form of the verbs below. There are TWO extra verbs you will not need. The activity begins with an example (0).
Verbs:
conclude, foster, outline, exacerbate, propose, feature, belong, ensure, adopt, acquiesce, request, launch, encourage, dine, establish, encompass, require, outline, promote, engage, fail, submit, lower.You have been asked by your local city council to suggest one cultural initiative intended to strengthen community life in urban areas, where many people report feeling increasingly isolated.
PROPOSAL FOR A MONTHLY INTERCULTURAL STREET FOOD MARKET
Submitted to: Hartfield City Council
Date: 16th January 2026
Introduction
As (0) requested, I (1) the following proposal in order to address the council's recent findings regarding social isolation amongst urban residents. The main purpose of this proposal is (2) a cultural initiative that would transform our underutilised Market Square into a vibrant community hub (3) cultural exchange and meaningful interaction.
Current Situation
It is clear from residents' feedback that opportunities (4) with one another across cultural boundaries remain severely limited. It is a fact that many adults report feeling disconnected from their neighbours, which means that our public spaces, whilst plentiful, (5) to function as genuine gathering points. In light of this year's community survey, a more dynamic approach is vital if we are (6) the sense of belonging our community desperately requires.
The Proposed Initiative
I strongly recommend (7) a monthly Intercultural Street Food Market operating on the last Saturday of each month. We propose that the market (8) food stalls run by local residents representing various cultural backgrounds. Crucially, this would not simply be a commercial venture. I therefore recommend that participants (9) to share the stories and traditions behind their dishes, with designated "cultural exchange zones" where cooking demonstrations and informal language practice sessions could take place.
(10) active participation rather than passive consumption, it would be advisable to incorporate communal seating areas designed to encourage strangers (11) together, alongside interactive activities such as collaborative cooking workshops and traditional music performances. We suggest (12) stall holders to work in pairs from different cultural backgrounds, ensuring that cross-cultural collaboration lies at the heart of the project.
Expected Benefits
The advantages of the approach proposed would be considerable. Food provides a universally accessible entry point for cultural dialogue, whilst the informal market atmosphere (13) barriers that might prevent engagement in more structured community events. If we were to celebrate our diversity as an asset, we could potentially reduce prejudice through positive personal encounters.
Furthermore, this course of action would be beneficial since it would increase footfall for local businesses and generate renewed civic pride. The short-term benefits include immediate opportunities for meaningful social connection, whilst the long-term advantages (14) enhanced community cohesion and a transformed town centre.
Conclusion
(15), the evidence points towards this initiative as an effective solution to urban isolation. In light of the above, I believe this proposal (16) with immediate approval of funding and commitment to (17) a pilot programme this spring. Our residents deserve genuine opportunities to connect and value one another.
I trust that the recommendations (18) in this proposal will receive your serious consideration. I feel certain that the course of action (19) above will answer the needs of our community and transform our town from a place where people merely coexist into one where they genuinely (20).
KEY
1. am submitting
2. to outline
3. promoting
4. to engage
5. have failed
6. to foster
7. establishing
8. (should) feature
9. (should) be encouraged
10. To ensure
11. to dine
12. requiring
13. would lower
14. would encompass
15. To conclude
16. should be adopted
17. to launching/ to launch
18. outlined
19. proposed
20. belong
Extra verbs:
To Acquiesce: to accept something reluctantly but without protest. Consent.
“Despite her initial reservations, she finally acquiesced to the board's demands.”
To Exacerbate: To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse. Worsen.
“Adding more tasks to his plate will only exacerbate his current stress levels.
EF p 84. The Subjunctive
Subjunctive:
Infinitive without to
After verbs of asking or suggesting and adjectives like it is important (crucial, essential, paramount, advisable...)
E.g.
I suggest that everybody be present for that meeting
He insisted that the student do the homework
He demanded that students not be late to class
It's important that everybody do their homework
EF p 82. Would Rather
I'd rather:
Same subject:
Present:
I'd rather + inf without to
I'd rather go
I'd rather not go
I'd rather stay at home tonight
Same subject:
Past:
I'd rather + perfect inf without to
I'd rather have gone
I'd rather not have gone
I'd rather have stayed at home tonight
Different subjects:
Present:
I'd rather you studied more
I'd rather you didn't make so much noise
Different subjects:
Past:
I'd rather you had studied more
I'd rather you hadn't made so much noise
would like/love/hate/prefer
Same subject:
I would prefer to stay at home
Different subjects:
I would prefer you/him/her/us/them to stay at home
= I want you.... to stay at home
EF p 77. Passive with Verbs of Saying and Reporting
People say that S. was a good student at school
S. is said to have been ...
It is said that S was...
People believed that R.N. was a very good player
R.N. was believed to have been ...
It was believed that R.N...
People believed that R.N. was the best tennis player ever.
R.N. was believed to have been ...
They think that the final exam is going to be very difficult
The final exam is thought to be very difficult
They said that he is rich
It is said that he is rich
He is said to be rich
They said that he was rich
It was said that ...
He was said to have been rich
He is said to be rich
They said that he was rich
It was said that ...
He was said to have been rich
EF p 85. The Conversation: Stress. Listening
Do you think life today is more stressful than it used to be?
Sample answer:
I Do you think life today is more stressful than it used to be?
J I (1)____________ think it’s more stressful than it used to be, and I think a big part of that is, sort of, online culture and social media. (2)______________, everything you do is online, everyone can comment on what you’re doing. You’re, sort of, seeing yourself against – you’re pitted against everyone else in your career field, doing everything, the same things as you and, and you never, sort of, get satisfaction anymore, because you’ll do something and think you’ve done really well, and then you’ll go online, share it, look at what other people have done and then suddenly everyone else seems to be doing so much more than you.
Id I think it’s – using that phrase ‘pitted against other people’ is really interesting, because it, it sort of highlights the fact that life at the moment is more about being in competition with other people (3)_________ than achieving things for yourself. And I think you’re (4)_____________ right, it’s all about comparing yourself, this constant comparing, (5)____________ consciously or unconsciously, with other people. I (6)____________, I remember a time – I imagine you do as well – where things were slower, as well. The pace of life and the things that you did were slower so that was a different kind of stress. So, you know if you’d write a letter to achieve something you’d have to wait for that response and there was nothing you could do in between, (7)_______________ now you send an email, you’re expected to do a million things before you get a response and you’re expected to be reachable at all times, whereas before it was more about doing things because of need, rather than want, I think.
Jo Sure, sure. There’s no hiding place nowadays, that’s the problem, and you are so easily exposed to everybody around you and there’s reality shows and all sorts of things. People want to succeed so quickly, whereas many, many times, years ago, you, you (8)____________ never succeed that quickly, you would begin to build a career for yourself, or, um, meet people and, and then open yourself out to the outside world. But nowadays it’s like ‘Now. I want it now.’
Id Yeah.
Jo And it’s a need, rather than a want.
Id And I think the definition of success has changed as well.
Jo (9)_________________.
KEY
1. definitely
2. So
3. rather
4. absolutely
5. whether
6. mean
7. whereas
8. would
9. Absolutely
EF p 84. Talking About Stress and Relaxation. Part 3. Listening
Not only can life at University be fun and exciting, but it may also be (1)________________.
Apart from feeling the stress of their studies, young people may miss the (2)_____________ they were used to getting when they were at home.
When people are under the influence of stress they may find it much more challenging to (3)___________ information.
Another source of stress is in some cases what (4)__________ students after they finish their studies i.e. (5)___________ to repay.
The five-minute free back (6)___________ are given in order to provide students with other stress reduction and wellness (7)____________.
The stressbusters experiences help students complete the tasks at (8)____________.
KEY
1. rewarding
2. support
3. recall
4. awaits
5. loans
6. rubs
7. resources
8. hand
buster: (usually in compounds; often used in newspapers) a person or thing that stops or gets rid of something. Sp. que combate, destructor. E.g. crime-busters.
task at hand: the work someone is doing now. Sp. tarea en cuestión/ que nos ocupa. E.g. I need to concentrate on the task at hand.
Script:
Part 3
I Are some age groups more susceptible to stress than others?
J Stress is a very democratic occurrence, so older people are stressed, college students are stressed, babies get stressed, 30-somethings get stressed, men are stressed, women are stressed, so, er, it’s hard to say if one group is more stressed than another.
I What makes students stressed? How does stress affect their lives or their studies, and what are the most stressful times in a typical student's life?
J College, and being a student can be really fun and exciting and rewarding. There are also a lot of stressors associated with it: there’s the studying, there’s the pressure to do well on exams so that you can get a better job and perhaps make more money. You are in a different environment that doesn’t have the same support that you used to have, especially if you were back home. Er, there is the social stress of needing to meet new people, and also for a lot of young people, especially those in their teens and twenties, we see a lot of mental, er, health issues arise and there’s a greater need to get help for, er, them while in school, but if you’re not with your usual support network, it’s even more challenging sometimes to do so. Stress makes it difficult to study, to focus, to concentrate. When you’re sitting down to take an exam and you studied really hard for the exam, and then all of a sudden you're having trouble remembering what you studied, stress can play a big role in making it more difficult for us to recall information. If you're doing a presentation, public speaking, that can be very stressful for a lot of students as well as professionals. In fact, still, public speaking is feared more than death by most people. Then there’s the financial stress of being in school, not only, er, not having a lot of money to spend on things that you want to do, fun activities, but what awaits you when you graduate, which for many, er, students is a lot of financial, er, stress and loans to repay. So being a student – great fun, and also can provide a lot of – great stress.
I You set up Stressbusters as an anti-stress programme for students. Can you tell us something about it and how it works?
J We train teams of students to provide five-minute free back rubs at events all over campus, all year long, and people on campus come to the events, and not only do they get an amazing stress-relieving back rub, but they also learn about other stress reduction and wellness resources on campus that we train our students to provide. And we have seen incredible reductions in feelings of stress, tension, anxiety, lowering of feelings of being overwhelmed, from before someone has the Stressbusters experience to after. We also find students telling us that they're better able to cope with their stressors and they're better able to complete the tasks that they have at hand after they have one of our Stressbusters experiences.
EF p 194. A Proposal. Writing. Cloze
A proposal to increase the number of students
Introduction
The King James Language School is a successful business (1)___________ attracts a reasonable number of students every year. (2)_____________, the school managers think that these numbers could be increased, (3)____________ we carried out a satisfaction survey with existing students. The (4)____________ of this proposal is to suggest a range of improvements to the classes and facilities at the school in (5)_____________ to attract new customers.
The King James Language School is a successful business (1)___________ attracts a reasonable number of students every year. (2)_____________, the school managers think that these numbers could be increased, (3)____________ we carried out a satisfaction survey with existing students. The (4)____________ of this proposal is to suggest a range of improvements to the classes and facilities at the school in (5)_____________ to attract new customers.
The classes
(6)_____________ general, students rate the quality of teaching very highly. (7)______________, there are some criticisms about class size and the length of classes. (8)____________ regards class size, we suggest that there (9)____________ never be more than 12 students in a class. (10)__________ class duration, lessons officially last an hour, but in (11)____________ they are usually only 45 minutes because (12)___________ latecomers. (13)____________ a result, we propose that all students (14)___________ arrive more than five minutes late should have to wait (15)__________ the next break for admittance.
(6)_____________ general, students rate the quality of teaching very highly. (7)______________, there are some criticisms about class size and the length of classes. (8)____________ regards class size, we suggest that there (9)____________ never be more than 12 students in a class. (10)__________ class duration, lessons officially last an hour, but in (11)____________ they are usually only 45 minutes because (12)___________ latecomers. (13)____________ a result, we propose that all students (14)___________ arrive more than five minutes late should have to wait (15)__________ the next break for admittance.
The self-study centre
It is generally (16)____________ that the self-study centre, (17)_________ useful, has two major drawbacks. There are not enough computers, and at peak times they are always occupied. In (18)____________, the centre closes at 7 p.m., so students who come to the later classes cannot use the centre (19)____________ all. (20)_____________ address these issues, we suggest, firstly, (21)_____________ more computers, and secondly, extending the opening hours (22)___________ 9 p.m.
The cafeteria
The cafeteria was recently (23)_____________ by vending machines for drinks and snacks. (24)_______________ there’s no doubt that people often had to wait quite a long time (25)___________ be served, feedback shows that most students greatly prefer to have a cafeteria (26)___________ the premises. Our final proposal is that the cafeteria should be reopened, serving (27)___________ healthy snacks and hot meals.
Conclusion
Overall, the majority of students currently attending courses at King James are positive about the school and (28)___________ facilities. We strongly believe that (29)___________ the suggested changes were implemented, student numbers (30)___________ be increased by as (31)___________ as 10%.
It is generally (16)____________ that the self-study centre, (17)_________ useful, has two major drawbacks. There are not enough computers, and at peak times they are always occupied. In (18)____________, the centre closes at 7 p.m., so students who come to the later classes cannot use the centre (19)____________ all. (20)_____________ address these issues, we suggest, firstly, (21)_____________ more computers, and secondly, extending the opening hours (22)___________ 9 p.m.
The cafeteria
The cafeteria was recently (23)_____________ by vending machines for drinks and snacks. (24)_______________ there’s no doubt that people often had to wait quite a long time (25)___________ be served, feedback shows that most students greatly prefer to have a cafeteria (26)___________ the premises. Our final proposal is that the cafeteria should be reopened, serving (27)___________ healthy snacks and hot meals.
Conclusion
Overall, the majority of students currently attending courses at King James are positive about the school and (28)___________ facilities. We strongly believe that (29)___________ the suggested changes were implemented, student numbers (30)___________ be increased by as (31)___________ as 10%.
KEY
1. which
2. However/ Nevertheless/ Nonetheless
3. so
4. aim/ purpose
5. order
6. In
7. However/Nevertheless/ / Nonetheless
8. As
9. should
10. Regarding
11. practice
12. of
13. As
14. who
15. until
16. thought/ believed
17. while/ though
18. addition
19. at
20. To
21. purchasing/ buying
22. to
23. replaced
24. While/ Although
25. to
26. on
27. both
28. its
29. if
30. could/ would
31. much
EF p 81. 10 Small Ways to Lead an Anti-Capitalist Life. Mediation. Cloze
Write an article for the school website featuring a list of practical ways to promote conscious consumption. To gather ideas, you have engaged your social media followers by asking them to share examples of everyday actions that reflect non-capitalist or anti-consumerist lifestyles. From the responses, you have selected the 10 most compelling or unique ideas to highlight in your article. Ensure the piece is informative, engaging, and encourages readers to adopt more mindful consumption habits.
This is the list you have compiled to write the article:
10 Small Ways to Lead an Anti-capitalist Life
1 Freecycle as much as possible
2 Leave stuff outside for your neighbours
3 Make your own clothes
4 Forget the gym
5 Make your own spreadable butter
6 Stop buying cleaning products
7 Go online, then visit the library
8 Get an allotment
9 Don’t drive
10 Use your TV remote
Sample answer:
10 Easy Steps to Live a Life Against Capitalism
When I asked for ideas about non-capitalist living, I received a deluge (1)_________ responses. Many people said that even small actions gave them a (2)___________ of purpose and control.
1. Give Away Unwanted Items
(3)___________ of being lumbered (4)____________ things you (5)__________ longer need, you can pass them (6)__________ through platforms (7)__________ Freecycle or Freegle. Everything (8)__________ furniture to knick-knacks can find a new home this way.
2. Share with Your Community
In some areas, people leave unwanted books, clothes, and even food in shared spaces (9)___________ others can take them. Within hours, these items become useful (10)_________ someone (11)____________, reducing waste and encouraging generosity.
3. Create Your (12)________ Clothing
Some people prefer making their own clothes (13)_________ than buying from big shops. This (14)________, they avoid supporting child labour, toxic chemicals, and animal cruelty in the fashion industry.
4. Exercise Outdoors
For those (15)___________ used to pay for gym memberships, the experience often felt artificial, with air laced (16)___________ sweat and loud music creating a materialistic atmosphere. Now, they choose to jog in the park, avoiding mirrors and the need to pump (17)___________ your ego.
5. Make Your Own Butter Spread
A small (18)__________ useful contribution is mixing butter with oil (19)___________ make it easier to spread. This reduces waste, avoids plastic packaging, and cuts (20)________ on palm oil, (21)_________ contributes to deforestation.
6. Use Simple Cleaning Products
After a watershed moment, some people replace store-bought cleaning products (22)___________ simple mixtures of vinegar and water or bicarbonate of soda. These natural options are cheaper and better for the environment.
7. Borrow Books Instead of Buying
Instead of always buying books, many people first search online, read reviews, and (23)__________ borrow them from the library. This saves money, reduces waste, and supports local libraries.
8. Grow Your Own Food
Gardening provides fresh vegetables, improves health, and builds a sense of community. Some gardeners even share extra produce from their allotments (24)________ neighbours, making their areas more self-sufficient.
9. Reduce Car Use
Some people choose (25)___________ to own a car. They rely (26)__________ bicycles and public transport, avoiding petrol use, air pollution, and traffic problems.
10. Mute TV Adverts
A simple but clever habit is turning (27)_________ the sound during adverts to avoid consumer pressure. (28)_________ constant advertising, people can make (29)_______ thoughtful spending choices.
These small but meaningful actions challenge consumer culture and promote a more mindful way of living. (30)__________ ones would you like to try?
KEY
1. of
2. sense
3. Instead
4. with
5. no
6. on
pass something on (to somebody) to give something to somebody else, especially after receiving it or using it yourself.
E.g.
Pass the book on to me when you've finished with it.
I passed your message on to my mother.
Much of the discount is pocketed by retailers instead of being passed on to customers.
7. like
8. from
9. where
10. to/ for
11. else
12. Own
13. rather
14. way
15. who
16. with
17. up
18. but
19. to
20. down
21. which
22. with
23. then
24. with
25. not
26. on
27. off
28. Without
29. more
30. Which
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