Empower p 56. Relative Clauses. Who, Which, That, Whose, Whom

Exercise 1
1. He’s the man. He saw Mary. He’s……………………………………………………………………………………
2. That’s the car. It crashed. That’s …………………………………………………………………………………..
3. She’s the swimmer. She’s just won the gold medal. She’s………………………………………………………
4. They’re the keys.They open the drawers. They’re………………………………………………………………..
5. That’s the travel agency. It sells cheap tickets. That’s …………………………………………………………
6. Those are the astronauts. They were in orbit for six months. Those ……………………………………....
………………………………………………………………………………


Exercise 2
1. He’s the man. Mary saw him. He’s ……………………………………………………………………………………
2. That’s the car. He bought it yesterday. That’s ……………………………………………………………………
3. These are the books. I use them in class. These ………………………………………………………………….
4. They’re the spies. The police have been watching them. These ………………………………………………
5. He’s the criminal. The police are looking for him. He’s …………………………………………………………
6. That’s the name. I couldn’t remember it yesterday. That’s ……………………………………………………


Exercise 3
1. Mr.Cox is the manager. He saw Ann. Mr.Cox, who……………………………………………………………...
2. The blue car crashed. It was a Ford. The blue car,………………………………………………………………
3. Those men saved my life. They pulled me from my burning car. Those man,………………………………
…………………………………………………………
4. That woman travels everywhere by private plane. She’s a millionairess.
That woman, ………………………………………………………………………
5. That hotel’s near the beach. It’s the most expensive. That hotel,……………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. Those birds migrate to Antarctica. They breed near the North Pole.
Those birds,………………………………………………………………..


Exercise 4
1. Ann has got . Mr. cox saw her. Ann, who………………………………………………………………………….
2. The car crashed. He had only bought it the day before. The car,…………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………….
3. My parents send their best wishes. You met them last month.
My parents,……………………………………………………………………………
4. The parcel contained a bomb. They had opened it carefully. The parcel,…………………………………..
………………………………………………………………
5. The match will be shown on TV tonight. They filmed it this afternoon. The match, ……………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6. His sisters are identical twins. I saw them last year. His sisters, ………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………




Exercise 5
1. His book is about Dennis Thatcher. His wife became Prime Minister.
The book is …………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The film about two people. Their plane crashed in the jungle.
The film is about…………………………………………………………………………..
3. The play is about a king. His ambition was to rule the world.
The play …………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The ballet is about a princess. Her step-mother hated her.
The ballet……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. The song is about two young lovers. Their romance ended happily.
The song is …………………………………………………………………………………...


Exercise 6
1. My neighbour gave me some theatre tickets. Her brother is an actor.
My neighbour, ………………………………………………………………………
2. A man from our village was on TV last night. I teach his children.
A man……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Charlie Chaplin died in 1977. His films amused millions.
Charlie chaplin,……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Rod Lee, the actor, has just won an Oscar. I know his sister.
Rod Lee, ……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Our teacher speaks English perfectly. Her parents are Greek.
Our teacher,…………………………………………………………………………….
6. The Taylor family now live in America. We bought their house.
The Taylor family, ……………………………………………………………………………..


Exercise 7
1. She’s the woman. I wrote to her. She’s the woman ……………………………………………………………
2. That’s the hotel. I stayed in it. That’s the hotel……………………………………………………………….
3. They are the people. I was talking about them. They are the people…………………………………………
4. That is the dog. I was afraid of it. That is …………………………………………………………………………


5. Mr Wilson is the manager. I am telephoning for him. Mr Wilson is the……………………………………….
6. That is the tunnel. He went through it. That’s the tunnel……………………………………………………..
7. She is the lady. He argued with her. She’s …………………………………………………………………………
8. She is the policewoman. The driver spoke to her. She is the ………………………………………………….


9. That is the mistake. I am complaining about it. That is the mistake………………………………………….
10. He is the man. The novel was written by him. He is …………………………………………………………….
11. There is the shop. I bought my radio from it. There is the shop………………………………………………

Empower p 56. Join: Is this the letter?

1. Is this the letter? I have to reply to a letter.

 

 

KEY

Is this the letter (which) I have to reply to?

Is this the letter to which I have to reply?

 

 

2. Someone broke the photographer's camera. He works for the evening news.

 

 

 

KEY 

The photographer whose camera someone broke works for the Evening News.

 

 

3. Russia is a country. I have never visited it.

 

 

KEY

 

Russia is a country (which) I have never visited.

 

 

4. Mr Brown is a doctor. His daughter works in the library.

 

 

KEY

 

Mr Brown, whose daughter works in the library, is a doctor.

 

5. The circus arrived in town yesterday. It is leaving tomorrow.

 

 

KEY

 

The circus, which arrived in town yesterday, is leaving tomorrow.

 

 

6. A football supporter gave Arthur a black eye. Is that the football supporter?

 

 

KEY

 

 

Is that the football supporter who gave Arthur a black eye?

 

 

7. John went to the exhibition of paintings. The exhibition of paintings is at the Town Hall.

 

 

KEY

 

 

John went to the exhibition of paintings, which is at the Town Hall.

 

 

8. You are talking about a film. It sounds very interesting.

 

 

KEY

 

The film you are talking about sounds very interesting.

 

 

9. The man has run away with another woman. I went to his wedding.

 

 

KEY

 

The man whose wedding I went to has run away with another woman.

 

 

10. Madame Curie /ˈkjʊər i/ discovered radium. She was from Poland /ˈpəʊl ənd/.

 

 

KEY

 

Madame Curie, who discovered radium, was from Poland.

 

 

 

 

 

Empower p 56. Relative Clauses: Limericks

limerick    /ˈlɪmərɪk/   

​a humorous short poem, with two long lines that rhyme with each other, followed by two short lines that rhyme with each other and ending with a long line that rhymes with the first two. They rhyme AABBA.

Limericks are humour poems. They begin by introducing a person and a place.
Examples:
There was a young man from Spain.
There was an old lady from Bath.
 

A) Below there are six jumbled limericks. Sort the lines into the correct order. The first line of each poem has a number in brackets.

Who dreamed he was eating his shoe.
One day, they suppose
Who used to eat onions in bed.
He woke up in the night
There was an old woman from Kent (1)
It’s not very funny.
And found it was perfectly true.
His mother said ‘Sonny,
And nobody knows where she went.
There was an old man from Crewe /kruː/ (6)
With a terrible fright
Whose nose was remarkably bent.
Why don’t you eat people instead?’
She followed her nose
There was a young cannibal called Ned, (11)
_____________________________________
There was a young lady from Gloucester (1)
One day for her tea
Who grew exceedingly tall.
He could stretch out his leg
Who was awfully fond of small gherkins.
The trouble was how to defrost her.
From the fridge came a sound
There was a young lady called Perkins (6)
And turn off the light in the hall.
There was a young man called Paul (11)
And pickled her internal workings.
And at last she was found.
Whose parents thought they had lost her.
She devoured forty-three
When he got into bed.



KEY
1. There was an old woman from Kent,



Whose nose was remarkably bent.



One day, they suppose,



She followed her nose,



And nobody knows where she went.



6. There was an old man from Crewe /kruː/



Who dreamed ( [dremt] ) he was eating his shoe.



He woke up in the night



With a terrible fright



And found it was perfectly true.



11. There was a young cannibal called Ned,



Who used to eat onions in bed.



His mother said “Sonny,



It’s not very funny.



Why don’t you eat people instead?“

_______________________________________

1. There was a young lady from Gloucester ( [‘gloste] )



Whose parents thought they had lost her.



From a fridge came a sound,



And at last she was found.



The trouble was how to defrost her.



6. There was a young lady called Perkins.



Who was every so fond of small gherkins



One day for tea she had 43



and pickled her internal workings!



11. There was a young man called Paul,



Who grew so exceedingly tall,



When he got into bed



He could stretch out his leg



And turn off the light in the hall.

 

B) Exercises

1. Handout + exercises

2. Now make up your own limerick
Example:
There was a young lady of Niger /ˈnaɪdʒ ə/ ,
Who smiled as she rode on a tiger;
They returned from the ride
With the lady inside,
And the smile on the face of the tiger

Empower p 56. RELATIVE CLAUSES. Extra Exercises

A. Advanced English Practice
HERE you will find the KEY of exercises 1-10 (below). The key matches the page number that you will see at the end of each line.
1. Defining relative clauses: definitions: a liar is a person who... (p117)
2. Defining relative clauses: join the sentences (p 119)
3. Defining relative clauses: complete the sentences (p121)
4. Non-defining relative clauses: join the sentences (123)
5.  Non-defining relative clauses: rewrite and complete (p123)
6. Whose: join the sentences (p125)
7. Defining clauses with prepositions: join the sentences (p 128)
8. Non-defining relative clauses with prepositions (p 129)
9. Non-defining relative clauses: co-ordinating function (they follow, rather than interrupt, the main clause) (p130) example ; Exercise (p131)
10.  Where, when, why or as: replace (p 133)

B. Relative pronouns: insert and omit
 
C. Exercises: join sentences

D. Exercises with answers
 
E. Extra Exercises

F. Extra Exercises

Empower p 56. Originality is Not Everything. RELATIVE CLAUSES. Extra Reading

Read the story and pay attention to the use of relative clauses.
  Originality is Not Everything

There were once three sons of a wealthy businessman. Whenever they met, the two eldest, who were twins, used to quarrel about which of them should be his father’s heir. The youngest, who was not in the least ambitious, took no part in their arguments. As soon as they left home, the father arranged for an adequate income to be provided for each of them, but insisted that apart from this they were to be financially self-supporting.

The elder twin, who had the advantage of good looks and a striking personality, decided that he would take up the stage as a career. He joined a small repertory company, acted in minor parts, was invariably unpunctual at rehearsals and was accordingly unpopular with his fellow-actors. He earned little and so had to live mainly on his allowance. He occasionally thought of changing his profession, but always put off making a decision, and he became increasingly bored and disillusioned.

His twin brother considered himself unconventional and original, so he set up as an artist. He rented a large dirty attic, which he converted into a studio, grew a beard and haunted the cafes patronized by similar young men, who would sit for hours condemning contemporary standards and declaring themselves the pioneers of the school of ‘Neo-Revelationism’. He earned nothing, spent all his allowance, ran up a very large number of bills and was accordingly always in debt.

The youngest son, who had no special artistic talent, worked hard and was awarded a University scholarship. After taking his degree, he decided he would like to be a teacher, and having completed the necessary training, he obtained his professional diploma. He was appointed to a teaching post in a Grammar School, where he earned enough money to live on and was able to save his allowance.

After years of failing health, the father eventually died. The will, which had been drawn up some years previously, was read to the family. The elder twin had inherited his father’s business, the younger was to receive all the money that was not invested in the business, while the youngest boy was left his father’s house and estate as his share of the property.

Unfortunately an actor who cannot even be punctual should not be expected to manage a business, and it was not long before the firm went bankrupt. The artist had no doubt that within a short time he would be making a fortune by speculation. He believed in taking risks, the more spectacular the better, and he invested in schemes which should have provided an unusually large profit. They failed completely in their purpose, and in less than a year he was penniless. Nobody knows now what became of either of the brothers who were always hoping for too much.

But the youngest brother was able to fulfil his own modest ambition. With the capital he had saved, he converted the house into an orphanage. He gained the approval of the Local Authority, who made a grant large enough to provide for its upkeep. Influential people contributed donations, and with the help of a few assistants he was able to care for homeless and backward children. He achieved contentment.

This is a story that has the old-fashioned moral that thrift may bring more rewards than material ones. No genuine neo-revelationist would accept so outworn a philosophy, which, nevertheless, resulted in a surprising amount of happiness for a considerable number of people.

Empower p 56. RELATIVE CLAUSES. Extra Rephrasing

Make one sentence from the sentences given, beginning as shown. Make any other necessary changes. Omit any unnecessary relative pronouns.

1.       We eventually caught a train. It was one that stops at every station.

The train _______________________________________ at every station.

2.       Carol slammed the door behind her. Her father had given her a car as a present. She drove off in it.

Slamming __________________________________________________

3.       At the end of the street was a building. The street was crowded with shoppers. Tom had not noticed the building before.

At the end of the street _______________________________________

4.       Some people have just moved in next door. They have the same surname as some other people. Those other people have just moved out.

The people who have just moved in next door ______________________

5.       I noticed that the door was open. I decided to go in. This turned out to be a mistake.

Noticing ____________________________________________________

6.       I listened to George patiently until he started insulting me. At that point, I told him a few home truths. He didn’t like it.

I listened to George patiently until he started insulting me, ______________

7.       Pauline asked me a question. I had no reply to it.

Pauline asked me ___________________________________

8.       He rushed out of the room. He was shouting at the top of his voice. This was typical.

Shouting __________________________________________

9.       Some people wanted travel scholarships. The end of the week was the deadline. By then everyone had applied.

By the end of the week _______________________________

KEY

         1. The train we eventually caught was one that stops at every station.

 

2. Slamming the door, Carol drove off in the car her father had given her as a present.

3. At the end of the street, which was crowded with shoppers, there was a building Tom had not noticed before.

4. The people who have just moved in next door have the same surname as the people who have just moved out.

5. Noticing the door was open, I decided to go in, which turned out to be a mistake.

6. I listened to George patiently until he started insulting me, at which point I told him a few home truths he didn’t like.

Home truth: a true but unpleasant fact about a person, usually told to them by somebody else. E.g. It's time you told him a few home truths.

7. Pauline asked me a question to which I had no reply.

8. Shouting at the top of his voice, which was typical, he rushed out of the room. 

9. By the end of the week, which was the deadline, everyone who wanted travel scholarship had applied (for them).